Study of Hemorrhoids – Clinical Features and Risk Factors

Aim: To study the clinical features and risk factors of Hemorrhoids. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eighty-nine adult patients aged between 35 and 65 years were studied. The history of patients was as follows: 57 (30.1%) had constipation, 19 (10%) had chronic cough, 33 (17.4%) had straining, 24 (12.6%) were alcoholic, 17 (8.99%) were smokers, and 39 (20.6%) had sedentary behavior. Result: The clinical manifestations were as follows: 51 (26.9%) had bleeding through rectum, 52 (27.5%) had prolapse, 32 (16.9%) had pain during defecation, and 19 (10%) had pruritis. The hemorrhoids were classified as per their grades. 51 (26.9%) had Grade I, 31 (16.4%) had Grade II, 38 (20.1%) had Grade III, and 69 (36.5%) had Grade IV. Conclusion: This pragmatic approach toward different ages in both sexes will be useful for surgeon to treat efficiently to prevent morbidity and mortality of the patients.

Study of Role of Collagen in Healing Chronic Wounds

Aim: To study the role of collagen in healing of chronic wounds. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twelve patients aged between 25 and 65 years were studied. The etiology of chronic wounds was as follows: 38 (33.9%) were diabetic, 33 (29.4%) had venous wound, 4 (3.57%) had arterial, 19 (16.9%) had trophic, 3 (2.67%) had tubercular, and 15 (13.3%) had traumatic wounds, and complications were as follows: 8 (12.6%) had gangrene, 19 (30%) had sloughing and exposure to tendon, 27 (42.8%) had eczema and dermatitis, 3 (4.76%) had bony changes, 2 (3.17%) had hemorrhages, and 4 (6.34%) had subcalcification of wound. Results: Organisms isolated from the wounds were as follows: 46 (41%) had Staphylococcus aureus , 12 (10.7%) had Streptococcus pyogenes , 15 (13.3%) had Escherichia coli , 7 (6.25%) had Klebsiella, 11 (9.82%) had Proteus mirabilis , and 21 (18.7%) had sterile (no organism). Conclusions: This pragmatic approach to chronic wounds having different etiologies and pathophysiologic conditions will be useful to surgeon to treat such patients efficiently because healing of chronic wounds without amputation (limb saving) is a great medical challenge globally.