[Comparison of effectiveness of different methods of changing position on back pain intensity and comfort level of patients after coronary angiography: a randomized clinical trial]

Angiography is the most common invasive method to assess coronary artery. Back pain is a common complication after coronary angiography among patients after coronary angiography that is associated with immobility and restricted positioning. This study compared the effectiveness of three changing position methods in bed on back pain severity and comfort level of patients after coronary angiography. This study is a clinical trial carried out in angiography ward of Valiasre Hospital in Qom, Iran, in 2009. 75 patients undergoing angiography were randomly divided into three equal groups. The first group received the usual care after angiography, remaining supine and flat for 6 hours with the affected leg kept straight. In the second group, patients' positions were changed hourly for 6 hours, varying between semi-Fowler's [up to15° or 30° or 45°] positions. In the third group, patients' positions were changed hourly for 6 hours, varying between supine, right side-lying and left side-lying. The data were collected by a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, visual analog scale of pain and comfort. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Loon statistics, Kruskal-Wallis, ANOVA, and repeated measures analysis of variance. Pain intensity in the second and third groups was significantly lower than the first group at 2, 4, and 6 hours after angiography [p<0.05]; moreover, the discomfort level in the second and third groups was significantly lower than the first group at 2, 4, and 6 hours after angiography and the following morning [p<0.05]. The study findings showed that changing position in bed can prevent post angiographic patients, back pain and promote their physical comfort

[ prevalence of hypertension and its association with age, sex and BMI in a population being educated using community-based medicine in Kermanshah: 2003]

Hypertension due to its high prevalence and its relation to cardiac disease is considered a major problem in industrialized countries; its prevalence varies in different countries and in various regions within a country. The purpose of the present study is to determine the size of the problem and its distribution in a study population being educated using community-based medicine in Kermanshah in 2005. For the study, 8495 persons [1957 families] were randomly selected as the subjects; they were medically examined by a team including two general practitioners and a health worker, and were evaluated for blood pressure, height and weight, history of high blood pressure and taking of anti-hypertension drugs; the 5147 subjects were aged over 15-years. Each subject's blood pressure were recorded once in sitting position using a sphygmomanometer. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics [frequency percentage, mean, standard deviation] and inferential statistics [T-test and Chi Square]. The 5147 participants [56.9% females and 43.1% males] had an average age of 34.4 +/- 15.1 years. A prevalence of stage 1 and 2 hypertension 14.3% [14.1% in males and 13.7% in females] and prehypertension prevalence of 15.8% was reported. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 60.7% among 65-year-olds. The average systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were reported to be 117.5 +/- 18.3 and 74.5 +/- 13.6 respectively. The average systolic and diastolic pressure in males were significantly different from that of females [P=0.0001]. There was a significant relation between age increase and prevalence of high blood pressure. Also, an increase in BMI showed a significant increase in blood pressure. A high prevalence of elevated blood pressure was documented in this population of Kermanshah; obesity and old age were observed to be the interventional risk factors accompanying high blood pressure