[Unusual paralysis: due to black widow bite]

The mediterranean black widow spider is a kind of latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus. It is found in the Mediterranean basin. Its bite cause a rare syndrome called lactrodectism. A Moroccan patient, aged 17 years old, came to the emergency ward with severe pain in the right chest and fever, insect bites scar at the elbow. The evolution was favorable with antibiotics, antihistamines, and intravenous calcium. The discovery by the family in the patient's room of the spider identified type Latrodectus has consolidated the diagnosis of spider bite. Latrodectus tredecimguttatus is a spider that can be responsible of envenomation in humans. Its bite is almost painless. The alpha-neurotoxin protein latrotoxine is implicated in the onset of symptoms, this symptomatology is polymorphic, including a latrodectismica facies, with or without constitutional symptoms, painful symptoms, cardiovascular signs and digestive signs that represent the most common pattern of consulting and most often a source of diagnostic errors. Latrodectism is a source of frequent misdiagnosis, surgical acute abdomen, colic, tetanus, meningitis, psychosis, myocardial infarction of opiate withdrawal syndrome inducing inappropriate treatment, often detrimental to the poisoned patient. This poisoning, although rare, must be known because if can lead to unnecessary therapeutic procedures, and even be potentially fatal for extremely aged people with extreme ages of life

[News flow about A, H1N1 influenza]

2009 H1N1 is a new influenza virus causing illness in people. The first cases detected were in Mexico and in the United States in April 2009. This virus is a variant of influenza virus A, coming from triple human restocking, aviaire and porcine. The first cases were discerned in Mexico and in USA joined in April, 2009. In the date of February 17th 2010, 17208 cases of influenza A, H1N1 was confirmed in Africa and including 167 deceases. The virus has an interhuman transmission across the world, probably according to the same mode of transmission as the seasonal virus influenza. The state of pandemic was signaled by the worldwide organization of health on June 11th, 2009 and is spreading from person-to-person worldwide, probably in much the same way that regular seasonal influenza viruses spread. On June 11, 2009, the World Health Organization signaled that a pandemic of 2009 H1N1 flu was underway. H1N1 a virus affect particularly young patient [20-40] at the difference to the seasonal influenza virus. The principal risk factors to the development of serious complications were: the young age, pregnancy and the presence of a chronic medical illness. The main clinical demonstrations of this virus are: fever, evil of throat, tiredness, aches and/or digestive disturbances with type of diarrheas and sometimes vomiting. The treatment consists of the seriousness of this influenza and the necessity of installation of appropriate prophylactic measurements [individual hygiene, vaccination and precautionary antiviral treatment in case of exhibition] to restrict the transmission of this infection and reduce total mortality. The aim of this study is to put a full stop on the clinical aspects, therapeutic measurements and the efficient means of prevention against this influenza

[Management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia]

Lymphoide chronic leukemia [LLC] is characterized by a heterogeneous evolution introduced classficiations around thirty years ago by RAI and Binet, having based on clinical signs and biological parameters allowed of license to differentiate three groups of patients having distinct forecasts. These classifications allowed guiding therapeutic strategy. However, they do not allow predicting the evolution of illness precisely, particularly at the patients having a weak risk. Since a dozen years, the taking care of lymphoide chronic leukemia was transformed by progress accomplished in the understanding of the physiopathology of illness, the identification of new markers with value prognosticates and the advent of new therapeutic tools. The aim of this review is to report, the actualities in the management of lymphoid chronic leukemia

[Reactive macrophage syndrome]

It is also known as hemophagocyticc syndrome, defined as pathology group characterized in common by the proliferation and the accumulation of macrophages in the bone marrow and the lymphoid system, leading to an abnormal phagocytosis of the blood cells and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It has a non specific clinical picture as well as a perturbed laboratory findings. We differentiate the hereditary primary forms and the secondary related to several etiologies. Its pathophysiology is not yet clear the treatment remains poorly codified. It is a serious like-threatening disease but recent advances in the comprehension of its physiopathologic mechanisms will allow for a better adapted treatment and improve the survival rate of these patients

Mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of systemic discoid lupus erythematosus

The mycophenolate mofetile has been succesfully used for the treatement of several autoimmune skin diseases in a case of a 27 year old fenale patient, who was diagnosed as acute disseminater SLE in may 2002, according to the ARA document revised in 1987. Two years later, she had an intrauterine fetal death of 32 weeks, causing a severe, psychological impact. She complained of a generalised discoid lupus C face, thorax and both upper and lower limbs]. Due to the resistant oral and local hydroxychloroquine and local dapsone treatment, she had cortisonic diabetes, aseptic necrosis of the head of the femur, and macular toxicity caused by antimalarial therapy. The skin lesions was associated with proliferative segmental and focal lupus nephritis. Induction treatment with 29 per day of mycophenolate mofetil associated with corticaltherapy by prenidsone 1 mg/ kg/ id lead to the dissaperance of the skin lessions and porteinurea

Articular manifestations associated with HIV infection

During the infection by human immunodeficiency virus, there is dysfunction in the immune system because of the coexistence of immundeficiency and immune hyperactivity, and a disregulated production or activity of cytokines. Some of these mechanisms explain the development of articular manifestations associated with HIV infection Highly active anti retroviral therapy has changed the spectrum of the HIV-associated articular manifestations. New syndromes have emerged. A variety of disorders may be seen. Their prevalence is controversed. Several points remain obscures such as the existence of genetical predisposition for these manifestations, the role played by the anti retroviral therapy and utilisation of immunosuppressors like inhibitors of TNF alpha

[Peripheral neuropathies with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]

The association of peripheral neuropathy and the monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance CMGUSD has been frequently reported in 8 to 36% of cases. While the neuropathy associated with IgM-MGUS is well characterized and is often associated with a reactivity of the monoclonal protein with neural antigens, the relationship between the neuropathy and IgG and IgA MGUS is less clear. We report two cases of sensitive-motor chronic poly neuropathies associated with IgG MGUS in the first, and IgM MGUS in the second. Their clinical symptoms are foot numbness, paresthesias, imbalance, and gait ataxia, progress about months. Treatment associate plasma exchange, corticosteroids in combination with immunosuppressant. neuropathies with IgM MGUS tend to be most refractory than IgG MGUS

[Management of bone density abnormalities in inflammatory bowel diseases]

Osteoporosis is a common and life-threatening problem in patient with inflammatory bowel diseases. Its management is so very important and must be systematically investigated. The incomplete comprehension of pathogenesis and physiopathology of osteopenia in IBD is source of big difficulties in the treatment of this abnormality. Many advances had been realized last years in the management of osteopenia of IBD. This paper is a review of the physiopathology of low mineral density in patients with IBD and its implications on treatment

[ leptospirosis: clinical, biological and therapeutic study]

The Leptospirosis is an obligatory declared infectious disease, caused by a bacteria type spirochaete

Objectives: Analyse the clinical, biological and therapeutical characteristics of cases of leptospiral infection in the department of the internal medicine at CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat

Patients and Method: It was a retrospective study that begins in january 2000 still décember 2004.The inclusive criterions based on the epidemic circumstances orientated to the leptospirosis and the clinical and biological evokating arguments

Results: Seventeen cases were studied. Average age of the patients is 38 years old [28 years to 64 years] sex ratio of 7, 5 with predominance masculine. Contamination is related to of profession or exposure in a public bath in all the cases. The diagnostic period was 7-8 days. Clinically; icterus appears as a constant symptom, fever founded in 88% of the cases and hepatic cytolysis in 70% of the cases [transaminases are 2 times superior then the normal]. Renal insufficiency and thrombocytopenia are noted respectively in 58, 8% and 47% of the patients On the therapeutic plan; all patients benefited from parenteral rehydration. Thirteen patients benefited from a therapy based on Penicillin G; four patients were treated by Ampicillin parenteraly. One patient had presented with a mucocutaneous allergic reaction from Penicillin G at a 4 of the treatment so he had put on Cyclins. The average duration of hospitalization is 12, 5 days. Evolution was favourable in all patients

Conclusion: The diagnosis of leptospirosis must be evoked in all common cold [acute coryza] accompanied by hepatic cytolysis, renal insufficiency without thrombocytopenia. In the absence of serological proof, the clinical polymorphism of this disease makes the diagnosis sometimes difficult

[Chronic diarrhea with difficult diagnosis during HIV infection]

Diarrhea is a frequent symptom related to HIV infection. It may impose diagnostical and therapeutical problems. We reported an observation of two HIV patients presenting with chronic diarrhea. It concerns two patients, a female aged 43 years and a male of 27 years old who had diarrhea related to HIV-AIDS infection. Parasitological stool analysis and colonoscopy examinations were necessary in the aetiological researches for both of them. The founded aetiology of the first case was a cryptosporidisis associated with cytomegalovirus colitis, while the second case diagnosed as an indetermined origin colitis. The evolution of diarrhea was favourable in the first case by a treatment composed of an association of antiretroviral and Ganciclovir therapy, while only a tritherapy was needed for the second patient. HIV - related chronic diarrhea imposes rigourous parasitological and endoscopical researches in order to get an effective therapy against the eventually opportunist infection

[Laryngeal amyloidosis]

Laryngeal amyloidosis is a rare cause of dysphonia. We report cases of 4 patients with laryngeal amyloidosis diagnosed in internal medicine department in Rabat. It is about 2 female and 2 male patients. The mean age is 53 years. Dysphonia and laryngeal dyspnea were the most frequent symptoms. Laryngeal endoscopy showed pseudotumoral lesion in all cases. The research of other localizations and of plasmocytic proliferation was negative. Two patients had chirurgical treatment and all patients had medical treatment. The outcome was good in the 4 cases. Laryngeal amyloidosis is a rare condition. The prognosis is better than in systemic amyloidosis. However, early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for good evolution without complication

Urticarial vasculitis revealing a lupus like syndrome

We report the case of a 38 years old woman with urticarial cutaneous lesions associated with multiple systemic involvemernt including arthralgias, myalgias, muscular weakness, persistant hypocomplementemia is noted. A biopsy of the urticaria demonstrated a leucocytoclasic vasculitis, the immunofluorescence study of the skin biopsy showed IgM, C3 and C1q deposits in the dermo epidermal junction and along the capillary wall. Antinuclear antibodies, anti DNA are present. The syndrome recognized in this patient and those few observations reported previously constitue a lupus like syndrome

macrophage hyperactivation syndrome with hemophagocytosis

The hemophagocytic syndrome is a benign systemic histiocytic proliferation which may be caused by several etiologies: infections, autoimmune diseases, hemopathy; << solid >> cancers, immunity deficits. The inadequatee activation of the loop << macrophage - lymphocyte >> with hypercytokinemia explain in the large proportion the physiopathological, clinical and biological features. This syndrome includes: fever, organomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia and clotting disorders. The diagnosis is based on clinical, biological and especially histopathological criteria: with tissue and/or medullary histiocytic infiltration. We report two cases of hemophagocytic syndrome in which the etiology had remained undetermined and the evolution had been fatal

Lesmanifestations renales de la maladie de hodgkin: [a propos de deux observations]

We report two cases of Hodgkin's disease complicated by renal amyloidosis eight years in one case and one year in the other case, after beginning of Hodgkin's disease. A review of medical litteratures confirm the difficulty to explain the mechanism of this association and its bad prognosis. We also study the treatment of Hodgkin's disease associated with amyloidosis

Lepracticien devant une gammapathie monoclonale

Monoclonal gammopathies are usually observed in myeloma and in the course of the other B lymphocyte Neoplasia. However, gammopathies can occur in the serum of people apparently in good healthy [asymptomatic gammopathie]. So, when malignant lymphoplasmocytary etiology is not proved, the patient should be kept under a follow up clinical and biological control

Association d'une maladie chronique des agglutinines froides et un lymphome malin non hodgkinien

Chonic cold agglutinin disease is auto-immunehemolytic anemia occuring in aged subject, with poor clinical manifestations, excepts for forms associated with lymphoid hemopathy. In. the immuno-biological field, it is distinguished by an auto-immune anemia with presence of cold agglutinin. In most cases, these latters are in general, light chains monoclonal 1gM kappa in the idiopathic form, and lambda in form associated with a lymphoid hemopathy. The evolution of chronic cold agglutinin disease is long dominated by risk of. -, malignant hemopathy. So, chronic cold agglutination disease would exemplify another link between auto-immune and lymphoplasmacytic proloferative disease. Treatement use preventive meusures against cold exposures and anemia symptomatic treatment