[Impact of aerobic training on CD25, Interleukin-2 and salivary IgA in elderly men]

Some common complications of aging such as nutritional deficiency, lack of physical activity, the increase in body fat percentage and the prevalence of specific diseases may indirectly affect the immune system function. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of a 6-month moderate aerobic training program on interleukin-2 [IL-2] receptor [CD25 cells], IL-2 and salivary immunoglobulin A [sIgA] levels in elderly men. Forty sedentary and healthy aged men [mean age, 65 +/- 2 years] were randomly divided into experimental [n=20] and control [n=20] groups. The experimental group performed moderate aerobic training three times a week for 6 months, while the control group did not perform any regular training. Then CD25 cells, the level of IL-2, sIgA and VO2max were determined for each participant. The results showed that aerobic training significantly increased VO2max, CD25 cells, the level of IL-2 and sIgA in the experimental group. It seems that the moderate aerobic training for 6 months can be very effective to delay the process of immune system aging

[Survey and comparison of the urinary calcium level in normal and calcium stone forming groups]

Urinary stones are the third common disease in the urinary system. Because there is not any study about Hypercalciuria in normal people and patients with stone in our province [Guilan], we decided to evaluate and compare the level of urinary calcium in normal people and patients with urinary stones. Survey of the urinary calcium level in normal and calcium stone forming groups. This is a descriptive, retrospective study. Our cases were the people who had attended to Razi Hospital outpatient ward during 2004-6 and included 502 people without history of urinary tract stone [group 1], 391 patients with history of an episode of urinary tract stone [group 2] and 109 patients with history of more than one episode of urinary stone [group 3]. We extracted requested information such as age, sex, Urine Ca 24h level, serum Ca level and stone analysis from the files and data analyzed by t-test. The most common stone was Calcium Oxalate [95%]. The mean level of urinary calcium was 156 +/- 7 mg/dl in group 1, 163 +/- 7 mg/dl in group 2 and 183 +/- 5 mg/dl in group 3. There was a significant statistical difference between these 3 groups [p<0.05]. Hypercalciuria is a risk factor for stone formation, so we can use as a protective method to inhibit stone formation

[Comparison of the complication of PNL with open surgery in patients with renal staghorn stones]

Introduction: open surgery is the gold standard of treating the saghorn calculus which all other forms of treatment are compared with it. New endourological techniques leads to treating staghorn calculus with more effective and less invasive methods

Objective: compare the complication of PNL [percutaneous nephrolithotomy] versus open surgery in staghorn stones

Materials and Methods: in this study 120 patients with staghorn stones who admitted in Razi hospital during September 2005 to September 2007 were considered. The requested information was extracted such as age, sex, treatment method, intraoperative and postoperative complications [including Obstructive uropathy, Massive hematuria, and Wound infection] and hospital stay. The results and complications were compared in patients who underwent PCNL with open surgery and were compared and data were analyzed by T-test and chi- square

Results: we studied 72 patients [60%] underwent PNL and 48 patients [40%] underwent open surgery. We recorded intraoperative complication in 18.8% and 13.9% in PNL and open surgery respectively. The most common intraoperative complication was bleeding requiring blood transfusion. We recorded postoperative complication in 12.5% and 4.2% of patients in PNL and open surgery repectively. Mean hospital stay was 3.93 +/- 1.76 and 5.08 +/- 2.42 day in PNL and open surgery respectively. Stone free rate was 81.9% and 91.6% of patients who underwent PNL of patients and open surgery respectively

Conclusion: PNL is a valuable treatment option for staghorn stones with complication and stone free rate approaching that of open surgery. Moreover, it has advantages such as shorter hospital stay that because it is the first stage in treatment of most patients with staghorn stones

[ effect of semen analysis factors regarding IUI with male factor infertility]

There is evidence in literature that IUI is the first line treatment and the most cost-effective procedure for mild to moderate male factor sub-fertility, however, the relative influence of various semen characteristics with the likelihood of a successful outcome is controversial. This study is designed to show the correlation between semen parameters and the pregnancy rate in patients, with mild to moderate male factor sub-fertility and whose wives were normal and underwent hyper-stimulation, including IUI. From January 2005 to January of 2006, 95 couples with male factor infertility underwent 140 IUI cycles with husbands washed semen were included in this study .They were divided into two groups based on semen parameters, mild and moderate. Post- wash sperm parameters, type of infertility [primary and secondary], male/ female age and duration of infertility were evaluated and correlated with clinical pregnancy outcome. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was 26 [18.5%]; 15 [21.4%] in mild group, while 11[15.7%] in moderate group. The clinical pregnancy rate per couple was 27.3%. There were significant correlation between female age, duration of infertility, sperm concentration and progressive motility, and clinical pregnancy. Our findings suggest that post- wash sperm concentration and progressive motility, female age and duration of infertility are the most important factors for prediction of successful pregnancy

Germination and growth of six plant species on contaminated soil with spent oil

Effects of contaminated soil with spent oil on germination, above ground height and biomass of six herbaceous plant species were investigated by conducting a general phytotoxicity test and growth inhibition assessment. Six local plant species were used in order to investigate plant's ability to germinate and survive in a gradient of contaminated soil with spent oil. The species selected for this experiment include one species of Fabaceae [Medicago truncatular], four species of Gramineae [Bromous mermis, Secal serai, Triticum saliva andAgropyron deserterum] and one species of Linaceae [Linum ussitasimum]. Inhibitory effect of contaminated soil on germination, height of young seedling and dry weight were measured. In this study an artificial soil with a light texture included 85% sand, 10% silt and 5% clay was used. The exposure to the contaminated soil carried out using four consecutive concentrations [25, 50, 75, 100 g/kg]. Results obtained from the current investigation indicate that all species perform dose-dependent responses to the contaminated soils. Reduction in germination, above ground height and biomass for all species were significantly [P < 0.05] different when compared to their controls, however, Medicago truncatular performed the highest and Linum ussitatisimum the lowest inhibitory effect for germination, above ground height and dry weight of seedling

[Methylprednisolon acetate in the management of distal ureteral stones]

Acute renal colic is a common complaint from patients entering the emergency departments. Although, urethral lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy are known to be effective, the role of medical-expulsive therapy for the treatment of this disease has not yet been established. This study assessed the clinical efficacy of addition methylprednisolon acetate in the medical-expulsive therapy of distal ureterolithiasis. Eighty five [85] consecutive patients with a symptomatic distal urethral stone were included in our study and randomized to one of two home treatment groups. Group A patients [n = 45] received tramadol [50mg bid] and hydrochlorothiazide [50 mg daily] for 21 days, and group B patients [n = 40] were treated with a corticosteroid drug [methylprednisolon acetate 40mg intra-muscular on 0, 7 and 14 days after treatment], in addition to tramadol and hydrochlorothiazide. The treatment duration was 21 days. All patients were re-evaluated after 21days with a clinical examination and KUB. The mean stone size was 5.2mm and 5.8mm in groups A and B respectively [P value>0.05]. Both groups had a significant difference in expulsion rate [20[44.4%] for group A and 32 [88%] for group B; [P value<0.001]. Our results suggest that the use of a corticosteroid drug in association with tramadol and hydro-cholorothiazid appeared to induce an increase in the expulsion rate