[Comparison of impulsivity and difficulties in emotion regulation among overweight women with and without binge eating disorder]

Introduction: Binge eating disorder [BED] is one of the most common mental disorders in overweight and obese individuals. However, it seems that there are psychological differences between people with and without this disorder. The aim of the present research was to compare impulsivity and difficulties in emotion regulation in overweight women with and without BED

Materials and Methods: For the research a descriptive, causal comparative method was used. Participants were selected voluntarily from among overweight and obese women attending health houses, gyms and weight loss clinics of Tehran. Fifty-two women with BED were identified based on criteria of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders [DSM] for BED and were matched with 52 women without BED in terms of BMI and age. The research instruments were the Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale [EDDS], the Barratt Impulsivity Scale [BIS-11] and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS]. Data was analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance [MANOVA]

Results: Findings showed that, compared with non-binge eating women, binge eating women had more impulsivity [P<0.05] and difficulties in emotion regulation [P<0.01]. In particular, binge eating women had higher scores than non-binge eating women with regard to attentional impulsivity [P<0.01] and motor impulsivity [P<0.05]. However, In terms of difficulties in emotion regulation, binge compared to non-binge eating women, binge-eating women had higher scores with regard to non-acceptance of negative emotions [P<0.01], difficulties engaging in Goal- Directed Behavior [P<0.01], Impulse Control Difficulties [P<0.01], and limited access to effective Emotion Regulation Strategies [P<0.01]

Conclusion: These findings emphasize that impulsivity and difficulties in emotion regulation play an important role in individuals with BED and focusing on these factors would enhance treatment and management of BED patients

Survey of corrosion and precipitation potential in dual water distribution system in kharanagh district of yazd province

Corrosion and precipitation in drinking and sanitary water in distribution systems leads to economic and health damages. The goal of this study was to survey the chemical quality of water in Kharanagh ward in Yazd province and to predict the potential of corrosion and precipitation in these waters. For determining the chemical quality of water, some cross-sectional samples with 2-4L of water volume were taken. All of the samples were collected, stored and preserved in glass or polyethylene containers and were analyzed based on standard methods. The potential of corrosion and precipitation in waters was calculated by Langelier Saturation Index [LSI], Risnar Index [RI] and decision was made based on calcium carbonate resistance. Based on the values of LSI, drinking and sanitary waters showed precipitative properties. Based on RI, the waters showed a corrosive quality from the point of corrosion and precipitation potential. Based on calcium carbonate resistance parameter, the waters had precipitative quality. The chemical quality of water in Kharanagh district is non-balanced that leads to precipitation in water distribution and other equipments thus planning water quality stabilization for the elimination of economics damages is necessary

Study of the relation between clinical and pathological findings of tonsillectomy specimens of patients

Most hospitals routinely examine microscopically all tonsillar and adenoid specimens from healthy pediatric patients complaining of recurrent infections or obstructive sleep apnea. Concern over missing the rare, unsuspected and significant diagnosis propagates this practice. Clinical examination for asymmetry could obviate the need for routine microscopic examination of tonsil and adenoid specimens in patients aged 16 years old and younger. A prospective controlled trial was carried out in one institution using database of 305 patients aged 16 years or younger who underwent tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy between 2003 and 2007 at the Shaheed Sadoughi Hospital. Patients with unilateral tonsillar enlargement were entered in this study. Patients who had risk factors for malignancy were excluded. After excision, two tonsil specimens were measured before sending for histological examination. Matched controls with symmetric tonsils underwent the same procedures. Preoperative diagnosis of tonsil asymmetry with the postoperative histological diagnosis was evaluated. Of the 305 patients undergoing tonsillectomy, 106 patients [34.75%] had asymmetric tonsils. In the control group 102 patients had symmetric tonsils. The analysis showed statistically no significant difference in the age, sex, indication of surgery and type of surgery between the two groups. Most of the specimens had reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in both the groups [58.49% and 54.9%, respectively]. Histological examination showed no malignancies or unusual pathological findings in both the groups. Tonsil asymmetry may be apparent in patients with normal physical examination, secondary to benign hyperplasia or anatomical factors. Therefore, the presence of tonsil asymmetry without risk factors like progressive enlargement of the tonsil, concomitant neck adenopathies, history of malignancy or immunocompromise may not indicate malignancy. Microscopic examination of all routine tonsils and adenoids for individuals aged 16 years or less is not indicated, but careful gross examination is still recommended