ABSTRACT
BK virus nephropathy [BKVN] is one of the complications of renal transplantation that causes graft loss in renal transplant recipients. To determine the incidence of BKVN after renal transplantation in Hasheminejad Hospital, Tehran, Iran. In this analytical cross-sectional study, we evaluated 31 consecutive kidney transplant recipients [21 men and 10 women] for BK and JC viral infections and BKVN during one year after transplantation, Urine of patients was tested for the presence of decoy cells and DNA of BK and JC virus by PCR. The serum load of BK and JC virus was assessed in patients 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after transplantation. Renal biopsy was performed in presence of allograft dysfunction or viral load>107 copies/mL. The prevalence's of decoy cells and BK and JC viral DNA in urine of patients were 16%, 29%, and 23%, respectively. BK or JC virus was found in 45% of the urine samples. During one year follow-up, no cases of BKVN was observed. Despite a high rate of BK viral infection, no one with BKVN was observed in our kidney trans-plant recipients. Therefore, screening of all transplant recipients for BKVN is not recommended
ABSTRACT
Work is one of the interesting things that people can think or talk about. All of the managers must know factors related to motivation and job satisfaction. Studies show that job satisfaction in nursing and health care settings is low. Low job satisfaction diversely affects on nursing care. It causes decreased quality care, and increased hospitalization as well as cost. This descriptive study was conducted to determine nurses' job satisfaction at Shaheed Beheshti Hospital in Yasooj, 2004. All subjects including 115 nurses were selected. Data were collected by a questionnaire validated and made reliable by content validity and test-retest reliability respectively. 70% of the subjects had university degree and the rest had high school diploma. Average age was 33.45 +/- 10.25. 54.6% of them were female and 45.6% were male. 89.7% were married and 10.3% were single. Findings showed that 80% of the subject didn't have job satisfaction and 20% had enough job satisfaction. 62% of the subjects didn't have job security and 37.4% felt it. 89% had enough satisfaction about managers and 11% had occasional satisfaction. Results showed that most nurses were dissatisfied, which can be related to job insecurity, low job improvements and general vision of society about nursing particularly at small towns. Accordingly, nursing should be known to people
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nurses , Surveys and Questionnaires , HospitalsABSTRACT
Implantation of high grade and invasive bladder carcinoma into the abdominal wall Is not common and can occur as side effects of urinary bladder interventions and surgical procedures, including perforation of bladder wall during transurethral resection of the tumor. Herein, we present a case of implantation of bladder transitional cell carcinoma into abdominal wall into an incisional hernia of a previous small bowel operation; three years after the bladder tumor had been diagnosed and treated. In evaluating any mass lesion in the abdominal wall, it is important to consider the possibility of bladder tumor implantation