ABSTRACT
Introduction: Post-coronary angiography vascular complications [PCAVC] may cause serious life threats, thus recognition of related factorse is needed to prevente complication
Objective: This study was conducted to determine correlation between hypertension and vascular complications after coronary artery angiograph among hospitalized patients therapeutic- educational center in Rasht
Methods: This descriptive analytical correlational study was performed on 400 patients admitted in angiography wards at Dr Heshmat therapeutic- educational centers by sequential sampling method in 2013. Data were gathered by a 3-part tool including; demographic information questionnaire, blood pressure recording forms and PCAVC occurance [Hematoma, ecchymosis and bleeding] during 24h after angiography until heet removal through interview and observation methods. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and analytic X[2], independent T and ANOVA] statistics tests
Results: Majority of samples [56.2%] had history of Hypertension. Mean of pre-angiographic systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 129.46 +/- 21.63 and 76.85 +/- 1.15 and pre-sheat extraction were 132.96 +/- 18.02 and 78.85 +/- 1.02mmHg. Vascular complications were observed in 24 percents of samples that majority of them were ecchymosis [71.4%]. A significant relationship was seen between history of HTN and overall PCAVC [p<0.005], ecchymosis [p<0.006] and hematoma [p<0.046]. The statistical tests showed a significant relation between mean of systolic BP before sheet removal with overall PCAVC [p<0/003] and ecchymosis [p<0.004] and diastolic BP with overall PCAVC [p<0.0006], ecchymosis [p<0.0009]
Conclusion: Screen of high occurance of PCAVC among patients after angiography with history of hypertension and systolic and diastolic BP before sheet removal is required to diagnose high risk patients who need special and highy quality of care
ABSTRACT
Introduction: anxiety is a common psychological reaction in invasive diagnostic and therapeutic such as interventions electrophysiological, that requires nursing care management for assessment and application of effectiveness to reduce it
Objective: the present study has been conducted to determine the effect of Benson relaxation on anxiety in patients waiting for electrophysiological diagnostic and therapeutic interventions
Methods: this is a clinical trial study on 72 patients waiting for electrophysiological interventions, admitted in Heshmat Hospital - Rasht. Samples selected through convenience sampling method, and were allocated to intervention [usual care and relaxation] and control [usual care only] groups through Random Block method. Data were collected using the 2- part questionnaire include personal - clinical data and hospital anxiety and depression scale [only anxiety part] through interview and document records information. Data were gathered in 2 stages, first before 60-15 minutes and second 5-3 hours before electrophysiology intervention [personal-clinical characteristics and level of anxiety]. Intervention group encouraged to listen to audio instructions Benson relaxation for 10 minutes using headphones, and then exercise for at least 3 times between two steps of study. Data were analyzed by X2, paired t- test and independent t-test
Results: the results showed that the mean and standard deviation of anxiety score in the intervention group after the intervention has been much lower than before [3/11 +/- 3/43] compared to [7/91 +/- 6/70]. Paired t-test between the mean scores before and after relaxation in the intervention [P <0. 0001] and control group [P <0. 0001] was significant. Finally, independent test showed a significant difference [p<0. 0001] between the mean and standard deviation of anxiety score in the second step in two groups, which indicate the effect of relaxation on anxiety patients
Conclusion: according to the results of this study, Benson relaxation significantly reduced the anxiety level in these groups of study. Therefore nurses could use this method to reduce the level of anxiety in these patients
ABSTRACT
In this study the level of IL-23 and IL-27 produced by macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture collected from patients with healing or non-healing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion were compared before and after treatment with live Leishmania to explore whether IL-23 or IL-27 plays any role in healing process of cutaneous lesions induced by L. major. Twenty patients resident in Isfahan Province, with healing or non-healing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion caused by Leishmania major participated in this study. In vitro productions of IL-23 and IL-27 by peripheral blood derived macrophages, before and after stimulation with live L. major [MRHO/IR/75/ER] promastigotes were evaluated using ELISA method. Patient with healing form of lesion received no treatment and patient with non-healing form of lesion received at least 2 courses of glucantime. The mean production of IL-23 and IL-27 from macrophages of patients with healing form of lesion was significantly higher than patients with non-healing form of lesion. The levels of IL-23 and IL-27 in culture supernatants before and after stimulation in healing form of CL was significantly higher than non- healing form of CL [P < 0.001]. IL-23 and IL-27 might play a role in human leishmaniasis and further studies are needed to understand the role of IL-23 and IL-27 in leishmaniasis
ABSTRACT
As increased outdoor activities of people, they are more exposed to UV radiation, which causes harmful effects on skin. Silymarin has protective potentials against DNA damage and non-melanoma skin cancers, and also it has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation characteristics. Nano formulation of plant material showed to be more effective than common ones. In present study, nano-formulated silymarin was used in a cream, and its effects were investigated against destructive effects of UV rays. Methods: Silymarin standardized extract was prepared, nano formulated in cream base, and applied to skin of the animals. Four groups of animals [n=15] were examined; Group 1; without any treatment [control], Group 2; Vaseline, Group 3; nano-formulated silymarin extract cream, and Group 4; silymarin-carnosine. UV was radiated on the shaved area of the four groups for 45 minutes with dose of 180 mJ/cm2. Dermal scaling, skin irregularity, erythema, skin hyperpigmentation, and edema were evaluated in animals. Histopathological observation was done on the skin samples of the animals. silymarin nano-formulation was effective in decreasing both physical damages and histopathological injuries significantly. from the observed results, it can be concluded that the cream containing nanoformulated silymarin can prevent UV radiation lesions better than pure silymarin
Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Ultraviolet Rays , Skin/drug effects , Silybum marianum , Plant Extracts , SeedsABSTRACT
Metabolic syndrome is considered as one of the risk factor for Cardio Vascular Disease [CVD]. Correlation between this syndrom and white and red blood cell counts is unknown whereas the relationship between insulin resistance and hamatologic factors is indicated in some published articles. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between hematologic parameters and metabolic syndrome. In a descriptive study 11974 over 19 years old participants in Isfahan, Najaf-Abad and Arak in rural and urban areas was evaluated as part of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program [IHHP] study . At first these participants' demographic data [age, sex, past history and drug consumption] were collected then trained physicians measured their blood pressure and waist circumference. Blood pressure in two separate occasions was recorded and mean of these measures was used in this study. In all participants, laboratory examinations [RBC, WBC, HDL-C, FBS, TG] were done after a 12 hour fasting. Participants were evaluated for metabolic syndrome according to ATP-III criteria. Data were entered in to SPSS-11 and analyzed by t-test and Spearmen correlation. Overall 6132[51%] females and 5842[49%] males with mean age of 35.6 +/- 3.8 and 35.9 +/- 32 year were studied respectively. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male and female participants were 10.6% and 35% respectively and 23/1% in overall. WBC and RBC counts were higher in patients with metabolic syndrome compared to those of normal subjects. Correlation between metabolic syndrome and RBC and WBC counts was significant excluding the case of hypertension. The most powerful correlation was obsereved between count RBC and HDL-C [r: -0.245, p<0.001], WBC and TG [r: 0.195, p<0.001]. We observed increased RBC and WBC counts in patients with metabolic syndrome. In this regard a widespread study may help us use these hematologic parameters even in normal values as indicators for evaluation of high risk patients
ABSTRACT
Internal medicine consultants are frequently asked to evaluate patients' tolerance against the stress of an intended surgical operation. Classification of surgical operations to mild, moderate and major is based on the morbidity and mortality rates due to the procedure, duration of procedure and underlying risk factors of the patient. Body response to surgical stress is via some hormonal alterations following the activation of hypothalamo pituarity adrenal axis [HPA] and hormonal changes reflect the degree of surgical stress. Due to high prevalence of addict patients operated in our surgery center and the established effect of opioid agents on HPA, this case - control study designed to detect the effect of chronic opioid usage on body response to major operation stress. Twenty six patients selected for laparatomy, thoracotomy or thyroiedectomy in two equal and matched groups of opium - addict and nonaddict were studied for alterations in serum cortisol, CRP, Glucose and interleukin -6 immediately after the induction of anesthesia and 4 and 24hours postoperatively. The obtained results were analyzed by t-test. Serum cortisol level of addict group 24 hours after operation [288ng/dl] showed significant increase comparing to that of non-addict group [195ng/dl]. The obtained result show more sever response of opium addicts to major surgery stress comparing to non addicts
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and the prevalence of hypertension shows a linear increase with aging so that it increases by 10 percent for every 10 years. To investigate the causes of failure to control blood pressure in people aged over 65 years. This research was a descriptive case-control study on 200 cases aged over 65 years, who were diagnosed with hypertension through a routine travel check-up for pilgrimage to Mecca, carried out at Isfahan Amine Hospital in 2003. Following the medical examinations and measuring blood pressure according to WHO standards, the subjects were divided into two groups marked as controlled blood pressure [case group] and uncontrolled blood pressure [control group]. A questionnaire was filled in for each subject and the data were analyzed with X[2] and t-student test. The age mean values were 70.7 +/- 5.2 and 69.5 +/- 4.9 in case and control groups, respectively. In case group, less than half of the subjects were taking their anti hypertensive drugs regularly and 12.5% followed their own way of self-therapy. 55% of people in case group expressed a lack of motivation as the cause of discontinuation of their therapy. Also, their knowledge and practice were found to be significantly lower than control group [p<0.05]. In comparison with other studies, it was observed that the most common causes of failure to control blood pressure are poor knowledge, inappropriate practice in avoiding risk factors and the discontinuation of the complete pharmaceutical antihypertensive therapy
Subject(s)
Humans , Antihypertensive Agents , Treatment Failure , Prevalence , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases [CVD] are considered the most important cause of death worldwide. Obesity is a major CVD risk factor. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and its association with other CVD risk factors in Iranian women. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2001 as part of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program [IHHP] in three Central Iranian cities of Isfahan, Najaf-Abad and Arak. Being over 19 years of age, absence of pregnancy, absence of mental retardation and Iranian nationality were the criteria for inclusion in the study. A questionnaire on demographics characteristics, drug consumption, smoking status, and physical activity were filled out for every subject. Height, weight and blood pressure of all subjects were measured and fasting blood samples were taken to measure blood glucose and lipids. The data were analyzed with T-test, X[2] and multiple linear regression, using SPSS11. Of 6391 women aged 38.8 +/- 14.5 years participating in the study, 79% lived in the urban areas and 21% in the rural areas. The prevalence of a higher BMI was greater in urban areas in all ages. Hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol-triglyceride and LDL-C disorders and inadequate physical activity were more prevalent in obese women than normal ones, but no significant difference was seen in HDL-C disorder and smoking between the two groups [P<0.05]. There was a significant positive relationship between BMI and age, blood glucose and urban residence, and a negative relationship was observed between BMI and inadequate physical activity [P<0.05]. The high prevalence of obesity and the major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in urban areas is testament to unhealthy lifestyle and insufficient physical activity of women in areas studied
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cardiovascular Diseases , Risk Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Rural Population , Urban Population , Body Mass IndexABSTRACT
The present report describes a 5-years-old girl who presented with hypoproteinaemia and generalised oedema due to giardiasis. She recovered fully 2 weeks after treatment with oral metronidazole. The emphasis is on the importance of giardiasis in children with hypoproteinaemia of obscure aetiology
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Giardiasis/diagnosis , Hypoproteinemia/etiology , Edema/etiology , Giardia lamblia/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis [ZCL] is reported to cause a spectrum of clinical manifestations. To unravel some of the mechanisms associated with different disease manifestations, enzyme activities were compared among the promastigotes of leishmania isolated from three clinically different forms of ZCL from Isfahan, central Iran. Specific activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase in the promastigotes isolated from a scaly flat ulcer were 5.5, 2.2, 1.6 and 2.6 folds greater respective to those isolated from a small papular lesion. The activity of these enzymes in the promastigotes isolated from a volcano-shaped lesion was notably higher than those isolated from a papular lesion, but lower than those isolated from a scaly flat ulcer. Significant differences were not observed in alkaline phosphatase activity of different isolates. These results may indicate that differences in the clinical manifestation of the lesions in ZCL might be related to certain metabolic pathways of the parasites, growth kinetics in NNN medium and the course of infection in BALB/C mice
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Animals, Laboratory , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous , Zoonoses , Mice , Leishmania major/isolation & purification , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/analysis , Hexokinase/analysis , Lactate Dehydrogenases/analysis , Acid Phosphatase/analysisABSTRACT
A comparison was made between the enzyme activity in the promastigotes of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major. Specific activities of hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in L. major were about 3 folds and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase 8 folds those of in L. tropica. Acid phosphatase activity was 30% higher in L. major. No significant differences were, however, observed in alkaline phosphatase activity in the two species. The results of this study imply that the activity of acid phosphatase in a local acid environment, which results from hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, may be directly associated with the degree of virulence of leishmania