Demographic profile of COVID-19 patients in the Northern part of Bangladesh

Background: It is a new pandemic; the demographic profile of COVID-19patients may be helpful for corona virus patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the department of cardiology at Rangpur medical college hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during July 2020 to December 2020.In total 37confirmed COVID-19patients were selected as the study population. Data were collected from patients or their attendants by using a pre-designed structured questionnaire, after having appropriate consent. The statistical package for the Social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used for data analysis. Results:In this study 70% participants were male whereas 30% were female and the ratio was 2.36:1. The mean±SDage of the participants was 56.57±15.96 years. The highest number of participants were from 51-60 years’ age group which was 27.3%, 2.70%, 18.92%, 16.22%, 13.51%, and 21.62% participants were from 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 61-70 and >70 years of age group respectively. The majority portion of participants were with normal body-weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9) which was in 57% and 43% were with overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9). More than half of the patients were from Rangpur district which was 54%. The highest number of patients were with cough as a major symptom, which was 51.35%. The highest number of participants were with IHD (64.86%) as a major comorbidity. Conclusions:As per the findings of this study, we can conclude that, middle aged population are mostly being affected byCOVID-19in Bangladesh. The affected number of males were higher than female.

Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Of The Pancreas In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Report And Review Of Literature

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a rare indolent malignant tumor mostly found in young women in the second and third decades of life. Only about 3000 cases have been reported in English literature, with none in the West African region. Here, we report to the best of our knowledge, the first histologically confirmed case of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas in West Africa. A 29-year-old woman with a slow-growing left upper abdominal mass of 10 months. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography scans revealed a cystic-solid mass arising from the tail of the pancreas. She underwent surgical excision of the mass, with post-operative histopathology findings in keeping with solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. This case report highlights the importance of improved abdominal imaging, histopathology and the need for increased awareness as a differential diagnosis of an intra-abdominal tumor, especially in young women

Serological prevalence of brucellosis of cattle in selected dairy farms in Bangladesh / 대한수의학회지

This study was conducted to investigate the status of brucellosis in dairy cattle from five selected dairy farms in the Mohammadpur Beribadh area of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2010 to March 2011 in which a total of 334 serum samples from cattle in five herds were screened by the Rose-Bengal plate-agglutination test (RBPT) and the positives were confirmed using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). A structured questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological information describing the animals. Overall, 4.20% of the animals were RBPT positive, while subsequent confirmatory tests with I-ELISA revealed that the overall animal-level prevalence derived from the samples was 1.20%. Additionally, the prevalence was relatively higher in females than in males. A significant association was found between abortion, age of the animals, and the occurrence of brucellosis (p < 0.05). Considering the overall low prevalence of brucellosis in the selected farms in the present study, a brucellosis eradication program for dairy farms using a test-and-slaughter policy would be possible.

Supraclavicular artery flap "its weightage in reconstructing burn neck contracture"

Flexion contractures of neck are a common sequel of deep burns. Severity varies from discrete linear bands to severe labiomentosternal contractures leading to functional and cosmetic impairment. Use of local flaps can produce best restoration of form and function. This study was meant to analyze clinical utility, advantages and any complications specific to islanded supraclavicular artery flap. This was a descriptive study carried out at department of plastic and reconstructive surgery Mayo hospital Lahore between January 2005 and November 2006. Ten patients presenting with neck contractures with out evidence of trauma in supraclavicular fossae, shoulder and deltoid region were included in the study. History and physical examination details including extent of contracture and cosmetic impairment were endorsed. Essential preoperative workup was done accordingly including assessment by anesthetist. Ten patients with varying severity of neck contractures were included in the study. Age range was 15-35 years. Average hospital stay was 10 days. Five patients had severe labiomentosternal contractures. Eight patients reported neck wound appearing excellent at 6 months postoperatively. In contrast donor area appearance was reported satisfactory by 7 and poor by 3 patients at 6 months. Functional consequences were most with 6 patients having full range of motion [ROM] and 4 patients having limited but satisfactory ROM. There is no reported recurrence so far. Supraclavicular artery based islanded fasciocutaneous flap is a reliable reconstructive tool ideally suited to cover defects in the region of neck to restore form and function

Does LH/Testo and Testo/LH ratio affect male fertility?

This study was designed to determine the levels of serum LH and Testosterone along with their ratios, among men with varying sperm quality. Two hundred fifty married men, presenting with a complaint of infertility, which had been evaluated for their seminal profile. LH indicated inverse/negative correlation to sperm concentration, while decreased testosterone levels were associated with depleted sperm conc. The mean levels of LH [mlU/ml] and testosterone [nmol/L] for the groups were 13.85 +/- 2.33 and 11.86 +/- 0.70 [azoospermia], 10.92 +/- 3.79 and 11.88 +/- 1.06 [oligozoospermia], 3.92 +/- 1.17 and 16.24 +/- 2.05 [asthenozoospermia], while the levels in normozoospermic men were 7.24 +/- 1.02 and 17.29 +/- 1.02, respect. Similarly, the LH/T and T/LH ratios were 1.17[ +/- 0.28] and 0.86[ +/- 2.70] respectively in azoospermia, 0.92 [ +/- 0.28] and 1.08[ +/- 0.17] in oligozoospermia, 0.30[ +/- 0.10] and 4.14[ +/- 10.4] in asthenozoospermia 0.42 [ +/- 0.08] and 2.34[ +/- 0.48] in normozoospermic men. The present data indicate that disturbance in LH and testosterone ratios also causes infertility, since these hormones act together by maintaining a feedback control system

Homicide in Abbottabad

Homicide is one of the oldest crimes in human history. Although a large number of dimensions have been added to this crime, the age-old factors like revenge, rage, jealousy and honour persist even today. This study was conducted jointly at the attached hospitals of Women Medical College and Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad to know the various dimensions of the victims of homicide. The present study encompasses all 40 cases of homicide, which presented for autopsy at DHQ hospital and Ayub Medical Complex Abbottabad during the year 2002. The manner of death was categorized as homicide on the basis of police inquest and the autopsy findings. The homicide rate in Abbottabad was found to be 4.22/100,000 per year. Males were the primary targets usually in their prime of youth with 40% victims between 20-29 years. Firearms formed the major weapon of offence. Most victims died before reaching the hospital. Deaths were more common during the daytime and in summer months. Homicide rate is on the lower side in Abbottabad amongst places where firearm possession is not strictly controlled, but can be further reduced. Limiting firearm possession alone can go a long way in this goal

Ilionguinal neurectomy in open inguinal hernia mesh repair

To evaluate the long-term impact of ilioinguinal neurectomy on the incidence of postoperative neuralgia and paraesthesia following the tension free Lichtensteins hernia repair. Case Descriptive Study. DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad [January 2003 - January 2005]. A total of 200 patients having unilateral inguinal hernia were included in the study. After a detailed history, patients were subjected to standard Lichtenstein inguinal hernioplasty. All patients underwent elective ilioinguinal neurectomy at the time of hernioplasty. Postoperative pain and paraesthesia were recorded and categorized on a mild, moderate or severe scale. Patients were followed 1 month, 6month and 1 year postoperatively. The incidence of chronic pain was 9% at 1 month and 6% at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. None of the patients developed severe persistent pain in inguinal region. The incidence of post operative paraesthesia showed a continuous decli ne. It was 32% at 1 month, 24% at 6 month and 19% at 1 year of follow up. The paraesthesia was never severe or bothersome at the end of the follow up period. Routine ilioinguinal neurectomy significantly reduces the chronic post-hernioplasty inguinal pain. Moreover it is safe to perform and well tolerated by the patients

Managment of post burn contracture of neck

It is a prospective analytical study. 43 patients admitted during JAN 2001 to DEC 2002 who presented with severe functional [25 patients] of cosmetic impairment [27 patients]. We selected 4 different options to manage the patients. [1] Release of/or excision + thigh grafts [2] Release of/or excision + wolfm [3]Thick therish + local flap [4] Musculocutaneous flap. Out of 43 patients 27 were females and 16 were male and the age varies from 4-45 years. Out of 28 patients a [1] 25 given satisfactory and excellent results, and 5 out of Six patients a [2] and 4 out of 5 with [3] gave excellent results. To evaluate the outcome of different options for the management of PBNC we are presenting our 2 years experience of PBNC Neck in 43 patients from January 2001 to December 2002 who were admitted through surgical outdoor of Teaching Hospitals of PMC, Faisalabad. In our set up most of the patients presented with severe functional [25 patients] and cosmetic impairments [27 patients out of 43] because of late presentation, delayed treatment, poverty and lack of proper medical facilities. We selected 4 different options to manage these patients accordingly i.e. [1] release or and excision of contracture and thick split skin graft, [2] release or and excision of contracture and full thickness skin graft, [3] thick split skin graft and local flap, [4] musculocutaneous flap, giving satisfactory to excellent results in 25 out of 28 patients, 5 out of 6 patients and 4 out of 5 patients respectively. Thick split skin grafting after release or/and excision of contracture with strict advice of wearing cervical neck collar remained our mainstay of treatment because it was one of the best practical options to deal with severe PBC Neck while other options being reserved for difficult and recurrent cases. Thick split skin grafting is an easy, cost effective, reliable and compliant to the patient. Furthermore thick split skin grafting is a simple procedure whi ch may be carried out by any general surgeon with reserve for referred for the difficult cases

Subdural empyema, diagnostic difficulties and surgical treatment controversy

Subdural empyema [SDE] is a rare form of intracranial sepsis that can rapidly lead to death. This fatal outcome is preventable as the condition can be treated successfully if the diagnosis is made at an early phase of the disease process and appropriate treatment measures are implemented in time. We present 6 cases of SDE out of a total of 71 patients treated for intracranial infections in the Neurosurgery Unit of Hamad General Hospital in Doha. Qatar in the period from January 1996 - December 2000. Fever and headache were the most common symptoms and there were neurological deficits in all patients by the time they were referred to neurosurgical care. Contrast enhanced computerised tomography scan of the brain was diagnostic in all patients although in two of them the initial studies were negative and the subdural collection was only revealed on follow-up imaging. The source of SDE was the paranasal sinuses in 4 patients, gram-negative septicaemia in 1 and was unknown in the sixth patient. Subdural pus collection was more or less confined to one lobe or another of the cerebral hemisphere in 4 patients, all of whom underwent burr hole drainage. In the remaining 2 patients the subdural pus had spread over most of the cerebral hemisphere as well as the interhemispheric space. In each of these cases, a more extensive surgical procedure, in the form of a craniotomy or a craniectomy was required. Subdural pus culture grew streptococcus milleri in 4 patients and was sterile in 1 patient while Burkholderia pseudomalleri was isolated from the blood and subdural pus in the sixth patient. Besides surgical procedures for drainage of SDE, 4 patients also underwent drainage of paranasal sinuses by the ENT surgeons. All patients received intravenous antibiotics for an average of 4 weeks followed by oral antibiotics for about 4 more weeks. A full neurological recovery was achieved in 4 patients with a mean follow-up of 12 months. One patient failed to attend the outpatient clinic for follow-up and there was 1 death that was almost certainly attributed to the delay in diagnosis. The objective of this article is to review the patho-anatomical basis of SDE and address management challenges encountered in treating the condition, namely difficulties hindering early diagnosis and controversies regarding the optimum surgical approach