ABSTRACT
The accurate anatomic mapping and determination of the severity of arterial disease, an important health problem of the elderly, is of great significance. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of 64-multislice CT angiography [MSCTA] in run-off and cut-off sites of arterial disease. Throughout the study, MSCTA followed by an operative intervention was carried out on a total of 38 patients with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of arterial disease [AD] all of whom had the indication for vascular surgery. The mean age of patients was 34 +/- 15.86 [range, 23 to 93] years. MSCTA was executed using a 64-slice CT scanner, during the arterial phase of injecting the nonionic, contrast medium with a power injector at the rate of 5 ml/sec into the antecubital vein and exploration and revascularization of peripheral arterial disease was performed intraoperatively. Atherosclerosis and arterial disease, the most common causes of vascular occlusion, were more common in the lower extremities. According to MSCTA findings, the most frequent site of stenosis was the superficial femoral artery. Spearman's correlation coefficient showed a high degree of agreement amongst the raters. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], negative predictive value [NPV] and the accuracy of MSCTA compared to surgery were 83.8%, 96%, 96.8%, 81.3% and 89%, respectively. MSCTA findings were compared with surgery as a standard of reference, which showed concordance in the majority of cases [81.6%]. Cut-off sites were correctly identified by MSCTA in 97.3% of the patients and the most common sites of discordance were the run-off sites [18.2%]. MSCTA angiography as a novel diagnostic modality may be a suitable alternative and a viable choice for routine clinical diagnosis
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: One variable that potentially affects labor is the adequacy of maternal hydration throughout labor. Maternal fasting and muscular performance during labor may lead to dehydration. The present study was designed to determine the effect of intravenous hydration on the process of labor
Methods and Materials: This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 200 pregnant women admitted to Sabzevar Maternity Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran. The control group received 40 cc intravenous fluids per hour according to hospital protocol, however, Center in Sabzevar, Iran. of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Iranthe case group received 120 cc per hour. Labor outcome was evaluated and compared in two groups. The data were collected through interview and observation, and analyzed in SPSS using Mann Whitney U and chi-square
Results: Mean duration of the third stage of labor in the cases was 6.65 and in controls 10.33 minutes, with the difference being statistically significant [p<0.1]. First-minute Apgar scores were better in 97% of neonates born to the case group [p=0.08]
Conclusion: Hydration on labor causes the third stager of the labor to shorten, and first-minute Apgar scores to increase
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose: Violence is a pattern of coercive behavior designed to exert power and control over a person in an intimate relationship through the use of intimidating, threatening, harmful or harassing behavior. This significant social hassle affects all female life particularly their pregnancy life, when its prevalence varies between 0.9% and 20%. On the other hand, due to the naturally stressful experience of pregnancy, its association with violent behaviors can have adverse effects on both mother and the baby. There have been reports of low birth weight cases, early labor and still births in such victims but no comprehensive study has been conducted in this regard. The purpose of this study has been to determine the pregnancy outcome in pregnant women who had been victims of physical violence by their spouses
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted on 587 pregnant women selected through convenient sampling. Data collection was done through observation and face-to-face interview. Content validity and simultaneous observation were used to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and checklist, respectively
Results: 14.5% of the subjects were under domestic violence during pregnancy. Also, in victims of domestic violence the third phase of labor was significantly longer [p<0.05]. However, no significant difference was observed in their gestational age, dilation and effacement upon admission, first and fifth minute APGAR as well as their first and second phases of labor
Conclusion: Due to the adverse effects of violence on mother and baby, health personnel are recommended to screen the victims in their meetings so that appropriate measures are taken during pregnancy and labor and serious complications are prevented