effect of Frankincense in the treatment of moderate plaque-induced gingivitis: a double blinded randomized clinical trial

Extract of Boswellia Serrata species has been used in the Indian traditional medicine in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of Frankincense in the treatment of gingivitis, which is a periodontal tissue inflammatory disease. This double blind randomized placebo controlled trial was carried out among high school female students with moderate plaque-induced gingivitis. Based on either administration of 0.1 gram of Frankincense extract or 0.2 gram of its powder or placebo and whether the patients undergone scaling and root planning [SRP] or not, they were randomly assigned to 6 groups. The primary efficacy outcome was changes in Gingival Index [Loe and Sillness] and the secondary outcomes were alteration in plaque index [Sillness and Loe], bleeding index [Cowell] and probing pocket depth [WHO probe]. All indices were measured in the 0, 7th and 14th days of the study. Seventy five patients ranged of 15-18 years old were enrolled. At the end of the study, the indices in all groups showed significant decreases in comparison to the first day [p<0.05], except for the bleeding index in the group without SRP and drug therapy [p=0.111]. More precise analysis of data revealed that SRP in association with Frankincense application [either extract or powder] can lead to remarkable decrease in inflammatory indices in comparison to the groups without SRP and drug therapy [p<0.001]. In addition, no significant difference was observed between powder or extract therapy [p>0.05] and between patients received either SRP or treatment alone [p=0.169]. Frankincense, a safe and low-cost herbal medicine, may be feasibly applied to improve inflammation based disease of gingival as an adjunct to the conventional mechanical therapy

Swyer-James-Macleod Syndrome presenting with pulmonary hypertension

Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome is a rare condition as a result of childhood pulmonary infection, especially bronchiolitis obliterans or viral bronchiolitis/pneumonia. It appears as increased radiolucency on chest Xray, in the absence of obstructing lesions and can be confused for other thoracic disease processes such as a large pulmonary emboli or congenital bronchial and/or pulmonary vasculature malformations. We introduce a 46-year-old male patient presented with symptoms and signs of pulmonary hypertension which was initially misdiagnosed as chronic pulmonary emboli. This case highlights the possibility of pulmonary hypertension to be one of the cardinal manifestations of this syndrome, and outlines the significance of application of computed tomography in confirming the diagnosis of SJMS and in eliminating other diseases