Cold abscess of dental origin in a 7-year-old child

Abscess related to an infected tooth is mostly associated with pyogenic infection, but sometimes, it can be asymptomatic and indicate a chronic condition. This case report shows cold abscess with a draining sinus due to dental origin. A 7-year-old female patient complained of pain with respect to grossly decayed tooth and recurrent swelling with no response to medications. After investigations and management of the lesion, it was concluded as abscess due to chronic granulomatous infection. Cold abscess is a classical manifestation of tuberculosis with no signs of inflammation. More than 60% of cases of this pathology occur in patients below 15 years old. It needs various clinical, histopathological, and laboratory investigations. Although rare, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis when no improvement occurs postroutine therapy to prevent serious complications. Furthermore, various precautions should be taken by the clinicians to prevent cross-infection.

Surgical correction of urethral diverticulum in a female pseudo-hermaphrodite crossbred calf

A 40 kg crossbred calf of one month age was presented to the Institute Referral Polyclinic, with a history of dysuria, stranguria along with a fluctuant swelling in the mid-perineal region. On physical examination, a diverticulum was observed which on aspiration revealed urine. It was reported that urine outflow was from a tiny orifice at the proposed natural site of the vulva. Dissection of the skin over the diverticulum revealed hypoplastic penis with adhesion of the preputeal sheath along with penile hypospadia. Permanent perineal urethrostomy and diverticulectomy was performed in the region of the defect. The urethral layer was sutured along with the skin using 1-0 Polyamide sutures in a simple interrupted pattern. No postoperative complication was reported till one year of surgery and animal was urinating properly

Clinco-hematological Profile of Patients with Falciparum Malaria.

Background: Malaria is one of the major public health problems of the country. Worldwide prevalence of malaria is about 300- 500 million per annum. It is present in more than 100 countries around the world. Most of these are developing countries or under developed countries. So it has a great impact on their economy. The aim is to study the clinicohematological profile of patients with falciparum malaria. Methods: The present study was conducted at MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sanga Reddy, Andhra Pradesh. The study was carried out in 100 patients out of 121 cases of Falciparum malaria, admitted during the period of 2010 November to 2012 October in this hospital. Results: The numbers of males (72%) affected in our study were more compared to females (28%). The male to female ratio was 2.5:1. In this study the predominantly affected age group was between 20-40 years. The most common presenting symptom was fever i.e. in 100% of cases. Pallor was noted in 81 % of the total cases. It was found that 37% of patients had normocytic normochromic picture on peripheral smear. Conclusion: Incidence of falciparum malaria was more compared to other plasmodium. Fever was the chief presenting complaint in almost all the cases. Thrombocytopenia is very common in malaria, but spontaneous bleeding is rare.

Loop diuretic-induced hyponatremia: a case report.

Hyponatremia is the most common encountered electrolyte abnormality where the serum sodium concentration is <136 mEq/L. The most common causes are either the concurrent illnesses or the medications. Diuretics top the list of drugs inducing hyponatremia and this occurs more frequent within 2 weeks of initiating therapy. Though thiazide diuretics are frequently the culprits of inducing hyponatremia, the role by/risk with loop diuretics cannot be ignored. Prompt diagnosis and management of hyponatremia needs a sound knowledge with which permanent neurologic sequelae and morbidity could be prevented. Here, we report a case of hyponatremia induced by loop diuretic and spironolactone combination, where the presenting complaints of the patient were only intractable nausea and altered taste. The patient was successfully managed with hypertonic saline and the vasopressin receptor antagonist, tolvaptan, which belongs to a new class of drugs called aquaretics.

Removal of phosphates from polluted waters using bio-adsosrbents.

Increasing interest is being envisaged by environmental researchers in controlling the phosphates pollution in natural waters by evoking the surface sorption characteristics of bio-waste materials of flora origin. In the present work, a thorough investigation has been made to find powders of leaves or their ashes of different classes of plants, having the affinity towards phosphate ions. 10 plant leaves and their ashes have been found to have sensitivity towards Phosphate ion. Investigations have been made in optimizing the various physico-chemical parameters such as equilibration time, pH and sorption dosage for the maximum removal of phosphates. The % of removal is found to be increasing with the increase in pH and equilibration time. The ashes of leaves shows more sorption towards phosphates than powders of leaves.79% to 90% removal of phosphate from polluted waters are found at optimum conditions with the sorbents investigated in this work. The interference of foreign ions on the % of extraction of phosphate reveals that some divalent cations are found be synergizing the extraction and thereby % of removal of Phosphate is increased even in the presence of 500 ppm of the said ions.