ABSTRACT
Statement of Problem: Several dilemmas have been reported with regard to the retention and longevity of implant-retained overdentures. A few studies have investigated the influence of implant and attachment inclination on the path of insertion and withdrawal of the prosthesis and on the retention and longevity of the overdenture. However, no study has been reported with regard to the influence of labio-lingual inclination on the aforementioned indices
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of implants and attachments with 5 and 10 degrees of inclination on the retention and longevity of implant-retained overdentures
Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 10 implants and 50 attachments were selected and divided into five groups: Group I: two implants and attachments parallel to each other; Group II: implants inclined at an angle of 5 degrees and attachments without any inclination; Group III: implants and attachments inclined at an angle of 5 degrees; Group IV: implants inclined at an angle of 10 degrees and attachments without any inclination; Group V: implants and attachments inclined at an angle of 10 degrees. All the attachments and implants were lubricated by artificial saliva. Initial retention [N] of blocks was measured through the Universal Testing Machine [SANTAM, STM-20]. The blocks were removed and replaced for 3000 cycles and retention was measured after each 500 cycles. The retention was measured five times for each group and the registered data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and T-test
Results: The maximum and minimum amounts of initial retention were 5.54 +/- 0.3 and 3.88 +/- 0.19 and were related to groups III and I, respectively. There was no significant difference among groups II, III, IV, and V with regard to the amount of retention of implants and attachments [p < 0.3]. However, there was a significant difference between the control group, group I, and the other groups [p <0.01]
Conclusion: Although the placement of labially inclined implants results in an increase in the initial retention, it will lead to a large decrease in the amount of retention after the last cycle. However, this amount of inclination [5 or 10 degrees] does not have any negative effect on the prosthesis longevity
ABSTRACT
To determine Lactation performance and lamb growth of Ghezel breed. Factorial 2x2. Twenty uniparous Ghezel ewes [4-5 year-old]. During the suckling period [15 weeks] milk was collected daily by a combined lamb-suckling and hand milking from weaning to the end of lactation. Average lactation length and total milk yield were 163.5+/- 23.2 days and 145.1 +/- 23.2 kg, respectively. Daily milk yield during the suckling and post weaning periods averaged 1210 +/- 140 g and 320 +/- 70 g, respectively. Peak of production was achieved at the second week of lactation and declined gradually thereafter, with an immediate sudden drop following weaning. The mothers of suckling ram lambs produced more milk compared to those suckling ewe lambs. Milk production and lactation length were higher in five years old ewes than the 4 years old ewes [P<0.05]. It seems that Ghezel ewes have a good potential for milk production. Moreover, because of the favorable Lactation of the mothers their lamb growth is satisfactory
ABSTRACT
In the present study, the effects of water-alcohol extract of Papaver rhoeas on the expression and acquisition of morphine-induced Conditioned Place Preference [CPP] in male N-MARI mice [20-25 g] were investigated. In a pilot study, different doses of morphine or the extract were administered to the animals to indicate whether the drugs could induce place preference in particular apparatus. In the second part of the experiment, the animals received different doses of extract 30 min before each morphine injection [acquisition] or 30 min before beginning of the test [expression]. Subcutaneous [SC] administration of morphine [1, 10 and 20 mg/kg] produced place preference. On the other hand, intra peritoneal [IP] administration of the plant extracts [25, 50 and 100 mg/kg] did not show any effect. Injection of extract [25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, IP] 30 min before the morphine administration decreased the acquisition of morphine CPP. Administration of the plant extract [25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, IP] 30 min before the test increased the expression of morphine-induced CPP. It could be concluded that the extract of Papaver rhoeas reduced the acquisition, but did not influence the expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Plant Extracts , Morphine , MiceABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to assess epidemiology of colorectal cancer [CRC] in Isfahan, Iran. Data were gathered from hospital documents of hospital admissions for colonoscopy, surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to colorectal cancer during 1996-2003. 1100 cases with colorectal cancer in seven years were detected and reviewed. Our minimum incidence rate estimation was 1.3 per 100,000 in 1996, 3.7 /100,000 in 2001 and 3.1 / 100,000 in 2003. One third of CRC cases were diagnosed between thirties to fifties in both genders in our province with a peak incidence in the fifties for females and in the sixties for males. CRC in more than 85% of the patients was left sided. The one, five and seven year's survival rates were 97%, 43% and 21% respectively. A significant lower survival rate was seen in right colon in oppose to the left colon [13% vs. 40%] [p<0.05] after five years of follow up. Incidence of CRC in Isfahan Proviene is increasing. Rectum is the most common site [61.6%] for CRC. Many of Iranians who have CRC are young Regarding to fact program, Screening is recommended earlier than Western countries
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Mass Screening , Colonoscopy , SigmoidoscopyABSTRACT
Due to the anti-diabetic effect of Withania somnifera [WS] [ashwagandha] and its beneficial effect on the metabolism of foodstuffs, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of this plant was investigated in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, male Wistar rats [n = 48] were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, WS-treated control, diabetic, and WS-treated diabetic groups. The treatment groups received oral administration of plant-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL- cholesterol levels were determined before the study, and at 4thand 8thweeks after the experiment. Serum glucose level in the diabetic group increased 4 and 8 weeks after the experiment as compared to data one week before the study [P<0.001] and WS treatment of diabetic rats had no significant effect. In addition, triglyceride level in the diabetic group increased 8 weeks after the experiment in comparison with related data one week before the study [P<0.05], and there was a significant lower level of triglycerides in W8-treated diabetic rats [P<0.05]. Furthermore, a similar significant reduction was obtained for treated-diabetic group as compared to the diabetic group regarding serum cholesterol level [P<0.05]. On the other hand, HDL- and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher [P<0.05] and lower [p<0.01] in the WS-diabetic group as compared to the untreated diabetic group respectively. Chronic oral administration of WS has no significant hypoglycemic effect and leads to appropriate changes in blood lipid profile