[Efficacy of four disinfectants against hepatitis B virus]

Hepatitis B is an important infection in dentistry necessitating the use of disinfectants to prevent its transmission. This study compared the efficacy of 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectants manufactured by four different manufacturers namely Ashimashi, Paknaz, Vitex and Active against hepatitis B virus [HBV]. In this experimental laboratory trial, serum of 10 hepatitis B patients was poured into microtubes and Ashimashi, Paknaz, Vitex and Active disinfectants were added to them. Polymerase chain reaction [PCR] was performed with viral diagnostic kits to diagnose the virus genome. Real time PCR was performed before and after incubation with the disinfectants. The reductions occurred in the viral load of HBV were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.No significant antiviral efficacy was noted following the application of Ashimashi 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectant. Paknaz showed the highest efficacy against HBV. Vitex and Active ranked next with significant differences [P<0.0001].Under the study limitations, Paknaz 2/100 sodium hypochlorite solution was the most effective while Ashimashi 2/100 sodium hypochlorite disinfectant did not show adequate efficacy against HBV

Percutaneous vertebroplasty in iranian patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Osteoporotic compression vertebral fractures are common clinical problems. In those with refractory fractures, percutaneous cement augmentation has been suggested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of percutaneous vertebroplasty in Iranian patients with refractory Osteoporotic fractures. We retrospectively studied 37 Osteoporotic fractures in 28 patients [6 men and 22 women], who had been treated with vertebroplasty from August 2009 to June 2012. The mean follow-up period was 12.1 +/- 3.6 [range: 6-42 months]. The patients' states were assessed by the visual analogue scale and short form-36 questionnaire. Student t test was used to analyze the pre- and postoperative data. The mean age of the patients was 71.6 +/- 6.1 [range: 50 to 91 years] and the most common fractured vertebrae were L1 and T12, There were five patients with two levels of vertebral fractures and two with three levels. Vertebroplasty could improve the scores for pain and quality of life from preoperative 7.6 +/- 1.4 and 44.8 +/- 7.6 to 1.8 +/- 0.4 and 74.1 +/- 5.3 at four weeks after surgery. At the last follow-up visit, this improvement continued with no significant decline. The most common complication was cement leakage [32.4% per vertebra], wherein all of of the patients were clinically asymptomatic. Adjacent vertebral fracture occurred in six cases. By understanding the risks, we propose vertebroplasty in Iranian patients with refractory Osteoporotic vertebral fracture. If correctly performed, this procedure can significantly improve the pain and quality of life in these elderly Osteoporotic patients

[Comparison of temperature rise in silorane-based and methacrylate-based composites cured by LED and Argon laser]

Temperature rise occurs during photoactivation of dental composites due to the exothermic polymerization reaction and different curing units. The aim of this study was evaluation of temperature rise in two kinds of composites with different curing units. In this experimental study, five samples of each composite resin [Filtek Z250, Filtek P90] were placed in two-millimeter deep Teflon molds which were 4mm in diameter. Curing was done from top surface with LED, high power LED and argon laser and temperature was recorded by a thermometer placed under the samples. After reaching room temperature, samples were cured and the temperature was recorded again. The time of maximum temperature was also recorded. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD. Composites and curing units had statistically significant influence on the temperature rise [p<0.001] Silorane-based composites showed significantly higher temperature rise than methacrylate-based ones. A significantly lower rise in temperature occurred when illumination was performed by argon laser. There was no significant difference in temperature rise between the two types of LEDs. The type of composite had no effect on the time of maximum temperature and in all samples the maximum temperature was recorded at the beginning of irradiation. Silorane-based composites showed higher temperature rise than methacrylatebased ones. Argon laser revealed less heat than LEDs. The maximum temperature rise was recorded at the beginning of irradiation

[Effects of different surface treatments on bond strengths of a non-metallic post in root's canal]

The establishment of reliable bonds at root-post-core interfaces is critical for the clinical success of post retained restorations. Severe stress concentration at post-cement interface increases the probability of post depending from the root. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different surface treatments on bond strengths of a non-metallic post in the root. Fifty extracted human canines or premolars that had just one root canal were endodontically treated. D.T Light Posts [RTD/France] received surface treatments in five categories: 1] Application of silane. 2] Sandblast with Alumina particles. 3] Sandblast with Alumina particles+ application of silane. 4] Etching with hydrofluoric acid+ application of silane. The posts were cemented in roots using panavia F 2.0 resin cement. A push-out test was performed on three different sections of each root to measure bond strengths. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Post hoc tests at P<0.05. Failure modes were observed under a stereomicroscope [10]. Surface treatments used in this study [silane application, sandblast, sandblast+ silane, HF etching+ silane] did not increase the push-out bond strengths of fiber post used in this study. [P>0.05]. The most failures in different groups of surface treatments occurred at the cement material-post interface. The use of silane, sandblast method and etching with HF did not increase the push-out bond strength of fiber post used in this study

Significance of platelet count in esophageal carcinomas

Thrombocytosis is found to be associated with unfavorable prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Platelets produce thymidine phosphorylase which is a platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor with angiogenic activity. Increased platelet count may be translated into enhanced tumor growth. We examined the relation between platelet count and several prognostic variables in patients with esophageal cancer. Patients and Three hundred and eighty-one cases with esophageal cancer that underwent esophagectomy in a referral cancer institute during a 5-year period were studied retrospectively. The relation between preoperative platelet count and patient age, gender, site of tumor, presence of multiple cancers and clinicopathological characteristics including histological type, tumor size, depth of penetration [T], lymph node involvement [N], distant metastasis [M], degree of differentiation, presence of vascular, lymphatic and perineural invasion was examined. Squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] constituted 93% and adenocarcinoma 7% of cases. Most of patients were in stage III, followed by stage II. The mean platelet count was 245 +/- 76 [10[9]/L]. There was no statistically significant correlation between platelet counts with prognostic factors except a weak linear correlation between platelet count and and tumor size [P= 0.03, Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.16]. Patients with adenocarcinoma had a higher platelet count than those with SCC [P= 0.003]. Platelet count does not correlate with prognostic factors in esophageal cancer. However, it is significantly different between SCC and adenocarcinoma of esophagus

Correlation of serum alkaline phosphatase with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with oesophageal cancer

Oesophageal cancer is endemic in some regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran and efforts have been made to find factors that play a role in its prognosis. We retrospectively examined the correlation of serum alkaline phosphatase [ALP] levels with several clinicopathological characteristics of 207 cases of oesophageal carcinoma. The mean ALP level in patients with lymph node involvement was significantly higher [141 [SD 77] U/L] than with node negative cancers [116 [SD 63] U/L]. Patients with ALP level > 165 U/L were 3.29 times more likely to have lymph node involvement than patients with ALP level

[In vitro evaluation of Fuji IX glass ionomer to microleakage after exposure to hydrogen peroxide 35% in class V restoration]

Fuji IX packable glass ionomer has anti-carious properties by adhesion to tooth structure. It seems to provide adequate seal between tooth structure and restoration due to the development of ionic crosslinks. Furthermore, bleaching may affect the marginal seal of restorations, subsequently increasing the leakage of oral fluids and bacteria into the restored structure. The aim was to evaluate the effect of packable glass ionomer [Fuji IX] on the microleakage of Class V restoration exposed with and without H2O2 35%. Forty sound human molars and premolars were selected and class V standard cavities were prepared on each tooth. The specimens were assigned in two case and control groups while cases were exposed to H2O2 35% for the subsequent 5 days [30 minutes each day thrice] and the controls were stored in serum physiology. The specimens were thermocycled, stained with fushin and sectioned longitudinally. The microleakage scores were determined and subjected to Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests in both groups. The mean and median of leakage scores in four regions of control specimens were 1.588 and 1.625 while the ratios were 1.913 and 2.25 for the teeth exposed to H2O2. The teeth exposed to H2O2 35% leaked higher than control specimens in the mesial region [p<0.04], while no significant differences were observed between two groups in the other areas. The use of Fuji IX glass ionomer cements in the restoration of class V cavities is an acceptable treatment modality for the restoration of bleached teeth

[ effects of different surface treatments of a fiber post on its bond strength with a composite core in endodontically treated teeth]

In order to improve the bond strength between fiber post and composite core, many surface treatment procedures have been performed on posts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different surface treatments of a quartz fiber post [DT Light Post] on its bond strength with a composite core [Clearfil Photocore] after water storage and thermocycling. In this interventional, in-vitro study, fifty human canine teeth were endodontically treated and post spaces were prepared. A total of fifty fiber posts were divided into five groups according to the surface treatment preformed as control [no treatment], silanenized, sandblasted, sandblasted and silanized, etched with hydrofluoric acid and silanized. After cementation of posts with Panavia F2 in the canals, composite cores were built on them. Consequently, the core parts were cut and stored in deionized water at room temperature for three months. Then thermocycling in 3000 cycles was performed between 5°C and 55°C. Then two 1 mm-diameter slices were obtained from each core. Finally, bond strength was measured by the push out test. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Data of all five groups followed normal distribution, but there were no significant differences between them. The sandblasted and silanized group had the highest bond strength [11.3 +/- 4.6] and the control group had the lowest bond strength [9.6 +/- 3.7]. In this study, sandblasting, etching with hydrofluoric acid and silanization did not increase the bond strength between fiber post and composite core

Bond strength of resin cements to noble and base metal alloys after two surface treatments

The reported bond strengths of resin cements to metal alloys depend on the metal used, the conditioning methods and the adhesive resins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of resin cements to two alloys [Degubond 4 and Verabond] after sandblasting or using Silano-Pen. Eighty disk shaped specimens [6mm diameter and 2mm thickness] of Verabond or Degubond 4 were cast according to the manufacturer's instructions. After mounting in auto polymerizing acryl, all samples were polished with a 600 grit silicon carbide paper under water. Half of each alloy's samples were randomly sandblasted with 50micro A1[2]O[3] and the other half were flamed with Silano-Pen device after sandblasting with 110 micro A1[2]O[3]. Cylinders of composite resin [Z250] were cured and then cemented to the prepared substrates by either Panavia F2 or RelyX Unicem. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and were subjected to 2000 thermal cycles [5-55°C], then submitted to shear bond strength [SBS] test using Universal Testing Machine at 0.5mm/min speed, until failure. SBS was analyzed by three way ANOVA [alpha=0.05]. Failure patterns were determined using stereomicroscope with 40X magnification. Both cements provided stronger bond to Verabond compared to Degubond 4 [p<0.001]. Comparing the surface treatments, Silano-Pen provided higher SBS of RelyX Unicem to both alloys. Panavia cement resulted in higher bond strengths to sandblasted Verabond alloy [p=0.003], but after treatment with Silano-Pen device RelyX Unicem showed higher bond [p=0.011]. When cementing Verabond or Degubond 4 by RelyX Unicem, Silano-Pen provided a stronger bond, but in case of using Panavia F2, treatment with Silano-Pen or sandblast resulted no difference in bond strength

detection of early inter proximal caries: DIAGNOdent, conventional and digital radiography

Detection of caries in early stages is necessary for prevention and conservative treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of laser fluorescence [LF] using DIAGNOdent pen and to compare it with conventional Bite -Wing [BW] and Digital Radiography [DR]. In this survey, eighty extracted molars and premolars were mounted in stone blocks to simulate contact points. Proximal surfaces of each tooth were examined with LF. The teeth were also diagnosed using BW and digital radiography. After these procedures, the teeth were histologically prepared and assessed for caries extension as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were calculated for each diagnostic system in comparison with the gold standard. Cut-off points were calculated with ROC analysis. Comparisons between the accuracy of methods were performed using McNemar test. At dentinal caries, LF had the highest sensitivity and specificity [0.82 and 0.84, respectively]. For detection of early inter proximal caries, the sensitivity of LF [0.74] and specificity of DR [0.95] were the highest. The LF positive predictive values were the least and negative predictive values were the most. There was no significant difference between conventional and digital radiography in the detection of interproximal caries. DIAGNOdent might be a useful additional tool in detecting early interproximal caries, but due to the false positive responses at decision making for restorative treatments, auxiliary methods should be used

Knowledge, attitude and practice of health workers working in the southern cities of Kerman province about oral and dental health in 2009 [short report]

Prevention of oral and dental diseases is dependent on people's awareness about oral hygiene. Considering the important role of health workers in improving the people's awareness and encouraging them to follow oral hygiene, in this study, the levels of knowledge, attitude and practice of health workers in regard to oral health were determined. This descriptive cross sectional study was done to collect the data from all health workers of the southern regions of Kerman province in 2009 [n=511] using a researcher- made questionnaire consisting of four parts of demographic features, and questions for the evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice. Chi-square test, t-independent test and Pearson coefficient of correlation were used for data analysis. The mean score of knowledge was 11.3 +/- 2.83 out of 20, mean attitude score was 42.26 +/- 5.58 out of 55 and mean practice score was 8.85 +/- 1.81 out of 21. Overall 13.3% of subjects had good knowledge and 24.4% had positive attitudes. None of the participants attained a desirable score in practice. Knowledge and attitude showed a significant relationships with sex, educational level, age and job experience [p<0.05]. Women had significantly higher knowledge and attitude scores than men. Knowledge and attitude also had positive relationship with educational level, but had a reverse relationship with age and job experience. Majority of respondents had moderate knowledge and poor practice. Considering the reverse relationship of knowledge with age and job experience, it seems continuous educational programs using new methods and experienced experts are necessary

Effect of the thermal and mechanical load cycling on microleakage of packable composite resin

Some studies have reported packable composite has good mechanical properties including less stress, polymerization shrinkage and lower coefficient in thermal expansion, but it's adaptation to cavity walls is not so good. This study evaluated the thermal cycling and Mechanical loading on microleakage of packable composite using in-vitro method. Forty eight bovine incisors were selected; Cl II cavity preparations were performed. The teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid. After etching, the teeth were rinsed with distilled water and dried with cotton pellet. Single bond [3M] adhesive system was applied next according to the manufacturer's instructions. The surface was light-cured [Intensity 520 MW/cm[2] and the cavities were filled with P 60 composite [3M]. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups and two subgroups [n=12]. Each group was treated with different thermal and mechanical load cycling. The entire surface of each tooth was coated with three layers of Nail polish, except for the 1- mm width around the cervical margin. The teeth were immersed in 2% fushin solution for two hours and then embedded in acrylic resin. Then they were hemi-sectioned longitudinally in a mesio-distal direction through the center of the restoration. The half tooth specimens were evaluated according to the amount of dye microleakage by means of a 40xmagnification. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, and Kruskal-Wallis test. No significant difference was detected between the four groups [P>0.05]. According to the results of this study, thermo cycling and mechanical loading showed no effect on microleakage

[Evaluation of monomer elution from two dentin bonding agents cured with halogen and LED lights]

Polymerization of resin-based dental materials is not complete; and the release of unreacted monomers has undesirable effects on biocompatibility and integrity of material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the type and effect of dentin bonding agents, type of light curing unit, the distance between the tip of curing unit and surface of bonding agents on monomer leaching. This experimental study used 40 sound extracted teeth, with prepared cavities about 3x3x2 and 3x3x4 mm on the smooth surfaces. A self-etch bonding [Clearfil SE Bond Curary, Japan] and one etch and rinse [Scotch Bond multipurpose, USA] were applied on cavities according to the manufacturer's instruction. The bonding agents were cured with halogen [Optilux 501, Colten] and LED [Ultalume 2, Vivadent] lights. The samples were saved in pure methanol with 37°C for 24h. Liquids were studied with gas chromatography [GC] for detection of different monomers. Data were analyzed using 3-Way ANOVA and Independent T-tests. The type of bonding agent had significant effect on monomer release. Scotch Bond released more monomer than Clearfil SE Bond [P=0.001]. The effect of light curing unit on monomer leaching was not significant, but the samples of Scotch Bond with more distance released more monomer. Only HEMA monomer was detected from dentin bonding agents in this study. Scotch Bond released more HEMA than Clearfil SE Bond. Halogen and LED lights had no significant effect on monomer leaching. More distance between the tips of light causes less degree of polymerization

[Antiviral effects of different sterilization and disinfection methods on internal tubes of dental handpiece]

Dental handpieces are the most commonly used instruments in dentistry and their cross contamination is very high due to their direct contact with blood and saliva. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiviral effects of formalin tablets and autoclave on internal lumens of dental handpieces. This experimental study was designed in order to evaluate the effect of different materials and methods of sterilization and disinfection on virus elimination from internal spaces and interior chambers of dental turbines. Four study groups were composed of: 1] Vacuum autoclave, 2] Non vacuum autoclave, 3] Ten Para Formaldehyde tablets, and 4] Twenty Para Formaldehyde tablets. Nine turbines were tested in each group after preliminary washing, drying and autoclaving. The internal tubes and spaces were then contaminated with Polio and Herpes Simplex virus type I. Antiviral agents and devices were used according to the manufacturers' instructions. Two cell culture samples were obtained from each handpiece, after washing them with sterile distilled water and MEM [Minimum Essential Medium]. In each group one handpiece was designated as control. The culture results were recorded after one week. Autoclaving was perfectly effective on both Polio and Herpes Simplex virus type I in all groups [vacuumed, non-vacuumed, with or without lubricant]. Formalin tablets were 100% effective only on polio virus, and in the 20 tablet group turbines without lubricant. These tablets killed the Herpes Simplex virus in all groups. According to the results of this study, autoclaving is the best method of virus elimination in dental handpiece

[Color stability of dental composite materials after exposure to staining solutions: a spectrophotometer analysis]

The success rate of composite restorative materials depends very much on their color stability in the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the color changes of four different brands of dental composite resin materials by using four staining solutions. A total of 128 disk-shaped specimens of 15-2 mm were prepared out of 4 composite resin materials. Two nanocomposites: Filtek supreme, Tetric Evoceram and two micro hybrid composites: Filtek Z250 and Tetric ceram, were prepared. The specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 8 specimens each and they were immersed in 4 staining solutions [Coffee, Tea, Cola, and Artificial Saliva] for 3 hours daily over a 24 day testing period. The color of specimens was measured with a spectrophotometer using CIELab color space relative to illuminant D65 at baseline and after staining. The color differences [delta E] were calculated. The delta E=3.3 was used as an acceptable value in subjective visual evaluations. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Post-hoc test at significance level of 0.05. All tested materials showed unacceptable color change in coffee and tea groups [delta E>3.3]. The greatest color change was observed in Filtek supreme in coffee. The specimens in cola and artificial saliva didn't cause a notable color change clinically. Coffee and tea can significantly influence the discoloration of dental resin composite materials under investigation. The nanocomposite Filtek supreme color change was significantly more than other composites when exposed to coffee. Therefore, color stability of composite restorative materials depends very much on dietary habits

Evaluation and comparison of clinical and para clinical diagnosis of Candida vaginitis in women referred to Shahrood city health care centers, years between 2004-2007

Candida vaginitis is the second common cause of vaginitis and Candida albicans is cause of 90 percent of vaginal fungal infections. Because antifungal drugs are among the cheapest vaginal drugs, this study was performed to evaluate and compare clinical and paraclinical diagnosis of Candida vaginitis in women referred to health care centers in Shahrood cityfrom 2004 to 2007. This descriptive-analytic research was performed on 300 women with vaginitis infections who were referred to the Shahrood city health care centers. Two samples of secretions were taken from both endocervix and exocervix using speculum and spread on two glass slides and then one sample was taken from posterior culdesac secretions with a cotton soup and entered into a tube containing sterilized physiological serum. A questionnaire was filled out by a midwife for every patient. Standard laboratory methods [cultures, Pap smear, wet smear and etc.] were used to evaluate the samples and the second questionnaire was filled out by the midwife. Finally, results were analyzed by statistical methods. Based on clinical results, 132 persons [44%] had Candida infection, but the infection was not proved by cell culture in 30 patients [10%], and wet smear in 111 persons [37%]. No Candida infection was found in cytology survey. Based on clinical results, vaginal pH was measured 5.01. The amount of pH was found 5.52, 5.8 and 5.71 based on wet smear cell cultures and Pap smear, respectively. The physical examination sensitivity for detecting vaginal candidiasis was 63.33% compared to the cell culture. The results of this study show that some para-clinical examinations should be considered for diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis. These para-clinical experiments help to prevent and reduce the side effects of some unnecessary medications

[Evaluation of disinifecting of 5% sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to 2:100 along with the use of disposable covers on HBV contaminated dental office surfaces and equipments]

The efficiency of disinfecting materials and procedures in removal of contamination from dental surfaces and equipments is essential. In authors' previous study, daily use of 2:100 dilution of 5% sodium hypochlorite in water and disposable covers were recommended since HBV contamination was found on semi-critical parts of the operative dentistry department. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HBV contamination following application of the recommended procedures. The study was conducted in two parts. In the first cross-sectional part, samples were collected from 17 sites of dental surfaces. In the second interventional part samples were collected from 10 sites of 9 dental and 3 sites of 2 light cure units, before and after disinfection with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to 2:100. Sterile cotton swabs moistened with sterile BSAS [Bovcine Serum Albumin in Sodium Chloride] solution were used for sampling. Samples were tested by PCR technique in Pasteur Institute, Iran. None of the samples collected in the first part of the study showed contamination. In the second part of the study, from 96 samples taken from various parts of dental and light cure units, before and after disinfecting, there was only on HBV contaminated site before disinfection which showed not contamination after disinfection. Based on the results of this study, disinfecting procedure with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution diluted to 2:100 along with using disposable covers is effective in preventing HB contamination

Postoperative thermal sensitivity reduction after amalgam fillings; A clinical evaluation and presentation of a new method

Prepared cavities are usually treated with liners prior to amalgam placement. Light cured glass ionomer [RMGI] have been widely used for this purpose. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of RMGI on decreasing postoperative sensitivity with a new method of applying self etch bonding and glass ionomer simultaneously. In a blind randomized clinical trial study, A total of 36 patients with 2 deep caries in their posterior teeth [cavities with less than 2 mm distance from pulp in radiography] were included. Diagnostic tests [cold-heat, percussion, electric pulp test] were performed for each tooth prior to final restoration. After cavity preparation, one tooth was treated by light cured glass ionomer, the next one with SE bond and glass ionomer randomly, followed by amalgam restoration. Diagnostic tests were performed three days, thirty days and three months after amalgam restoration. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 11.5 as well as Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. In second follow up, the sensitivity to cold was significantly less than the conventional method [P < 0.05] in our suggested compound method. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups when using the other vitality tests. Using SE bond and light cured glass ionomer simultaneously was an effective new method of decreasing the postoperative sensitivity in short term, [1 month] although, there was no difference between the two groups in the long term

[Intramuscular haemangioma of the forearm with radial and ulnar periosteal reaction [Report of one case]]

We present a rare case of intramuscular Haemangioma of the forearm with periosteal reaction of radius and ulna. A 38-year-old female presented with a tumefaction in distal and dorsoulnar side of the right forearm. She had 1.5 years history of tumor which was painful during resent 2 months. Plain x-ray and MRI was done and the diagnosis of Haemangioma was proved by open biopsy. The tumor plus periosteal reaction and enlarged bone was respected. After 4 years follow-up no recurrence was seen

[Evaluation of antiviral effects of various disinfectants on dental handpieces]

Handpieces are in current use in dental practice. Cross contamination from these instruments is very high because of their direct contact with blood and saliva. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of antiviral effects of different disinfectants on dental handpieces. In this experimental study, the effects of 5 groups of different materials and methods of sterilization and disinfection on virus elimination from dental handpieces were evaluated. Groups were as follows: 1- autoclave 2- Solarsept 3- Unisepta 4- Sodium hypochlorite [2% solution of household bleach] 5- Sanosil. 14 handpieces in each group were washed, dried and autoclaved, then contaminated with polio and Herpes Simplex virus type I. Samples were washed with sterile distilled water. Antiviral agents were applied according to the manufacturer or previous investigations. After washing with water, the instruments were washed with MEM [Minimum Essential Medium] and two samples of cell culture from each handpiece were prepared. In each group one handpiece was treated as control. The results were recorded after one week. The percent of negative cell cultures in each group were as follow: A- For Poliovirus: 1- Autoclave: 100%. 2- Solarsept: 28.6%. 3- Unisepta: 0%. 4- Sodium hypochlorite: 28.6%. 5- Sanosil 92.9%. B- For Herpesvirus: 1- Autoclave: 100%. 2- Solarsept: 100%. 3- Unisepta: 100%. 4- Sodium hypochlorite: 57.1%. 5- Sanosil: 100%. According to our findings autoclave is the best method for virus elimination from dental handpieces. Sanosil with 92.9% efficiency was the best solution. Solarsept, hypochlorite with special method and Unisepta had the lowest effectiveness