ABSTRACT
Fruit yoghurt was prepared with the addition of different ratios [5, 10 and 15%] of jackfruit and mango juice. The physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics were analyzed to assess the quality of yoghurt. The physical parameters showed that 5% JFD and 10% MFD came in top position compared to other types of yoghurt or Dahi. The fat and protein contents decreased in both JFD and MFD but not in plain Dahi owing to the lower fat and protein content of fruit juice. Acid contents increased in JFD and MFD due to the high concentrations of fermentable sugars in fruit juice which promotes acid formation. The microbial concentration of fruit Dahi were within standard values, though the H and K Dahi samples contained slightly below standard cocci and bacilli. The findings confirm that the addition of fruit juice up to a certain limit, not exceeding 5-10% of the milk, improved the color, texture, flavor and taste of yoghurt
ABSTRACT
Three hundred day old Cobb commercial broilers were reared up to 32 days of age in a random distribution to 5 dietary treatments [A, B, C D and E], with 15 numbers having 4 replications in each fed with market available ready feed. Drinking water was supplemented with glucose and multiviuimin at onset, 4[th],11[th],23[rd] and 25[th] days. Besides, all the birds were immunized with ND clone-30 and D-78 at the age of 5[th] and II[th] day to prevent the Newcastle disease. Birds were medicated with four dietary additives that are being frequently used in commercial level, Chlortetracycline [10 gm/kg feed], Oxytetracycline [0.5 mg/liter water], Enrofloxacin [2.5 ml/ 10 liters water] and Doxicycline and Colistin sulphate 10.5 mg/liter] as per instruction of manufacturing company at the age from 7 to 24 days for dietary group A and from 19 to 24 days for B,C and D dietary group while E was controlled. At the end of the 3rd week [21 Day], representative medicated birds were slaughtered for inking samples to analyze the meat quality. In addition, at the end of trial, some antibiotic withdrawal birds were randomly selected and slaughtered for the same purpose. Live weight and dressed weight, breast, thigh, wings, heart, liver, spleen and gizzard weight were also taken using electric balance. Proximate components like DM, CP, and CF of meat were measured. The medication had no significant [P>0.05] effect on live weight gain followed by dressed weight and also for meat cuts in most cases. Only liver and gizzard showed the positive response in weight gain[gm] to medication [P<0.05]. In contrast, 7 days of withdrawal later, no antimicrobial [P>0.05] reply was found to live weight gain[g], dressed weight and different cut weight [g]. FCR was better in antibiotic groups in comparison with control group. Among medicated groups B was found best feed conversion efficiency at market age both in medication and withdrawal period. The essence is that proper management can recover the quality and quantity of chicken meat. Only oxytetracycline [B] may be used [if necessary] for increasing the breast meat quality [CP] up to the safe period [7 days of withdrawal] and to prevent the infection