ABSTRACT
Reconstructive treatments in dentistry aimed at achieving complete regeneration of destroyed structures both in soft and hard tissues. To date, this goal has been tried to accomplish using various bone grafts, growth factors, and barrier membranes. Stem cells are the most fascinating area of biology today and have been used clinically in the field of medicine to treat many incurable diseases. The English literature indexed in in the MEDLINE/PubMed database was systematically searched and original papers were critically reviewed on this subject, until the second quarter of 2011. Additional papers were obtained by manual searching reference lists of previously published review papers. More than fifty years ago, the first allogenic hematopoietic stem cell was transplanted in patients. However, the promise of other stem cell populations for tissue replacement and repair remains unachieved. When considering cell-based interventions for tissue regeneration, the factors influencing therapeutic success and safety are more complicated than for traditional treatments. So, it is important for dentists to have a brief understanding about the principles and clinical applications of stem cells in tissue engineering field. This article reviews the most recent published data to regenerate dental and periodontal tissues based on scientific principles and provides fundamental information to readers about the different aspects involved in tissue engineering. Ideal combination of cells, scaffolds, and growth factors for tissue engineering may be extended over future years. The findings collected in this literature review show that we are now at a stage in which engineering a complex tissue, such as the periodontium, is no longer an unachievable goal and the next decade will certainly be an exciting time for dental and periodontal research
Subject(s)
Tissue Engineering , Stem Cells , PeriodonticsABSTRACT
Ulcer and pain have been the most complications arised after periodontal surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing and analgesic effect of Phenytoin in donor site of free gingival grafts. This study is a randomized clinical trial with 10 patients received free gingival graft and divided in 2 groups. The wound size measured with digimatic caliper. Donor sites rubbed in case group with Phenytoin and with placebo in control group. The wound size measured in 14th and 28[th] days and evaluated in comparision with baseline. Also, the pain level measured via VAS. Statistical analysis was performed using T pair test and wilcoxaon signed ranks. Statistical analysis showed that case group had better healing due to standard diviation in both appointments [a=0.1, p=0.078, and a=0.05, p=0.049, respectively]. Pain Score was lower in patients treated with phenytoin [p=0.18]. Phenytoin is effective in healing of donor site and reduce pain
ABSTRACT
Dental plaque is recognized as the main etiologic factor in gingival diseases. There fore, prevention and control of plaque aggregation on various dental surface display a very significant role in prophylaxis and treatment of both gingivitis and periodontitis. However mechanical removing of the plaque is the primary method for dental and oral hygiene, It can not be carried out perfectly even by precision patient. To resolve the problem, it is recommended to add chemical control to mechanical method. In respect to the importance of chemical control, this study purposes to evaluate synergic effect and compare effect of chlorhexidine, NaF mouth washes, a type of chemical method, on plaque control. The studied group consist of 15 dentistry students .After a thorough professional prophylaxis including interdental cleaning. 15 subjects started to rinse according to 4 different regiments: regimen CH-NaF: chlorhexidine Immediately followed by Sodium fluoride in the morning and in the evening; regimen NaF-CH: Sodium Fluoride immediately followed by Chlorhexidine in the morning and in the evening; regimen CH: chlorhexidine in the morning and in the evening; regimen NaF: Sodium Fluoride in the morning and in the evening. No further oral hygiene measures were allowed for the next 5 day. After 5day, the subject were scored for BOP, PI and PCR, afther of days" washout period of 4 days. Following this procedure, all subjects went through all 4 regiments. Our observation revealed no bleeding due to probing in all who used four rinsing regimes. The rate of plaque index varied according to the type and manner of the mouthwash applied, so that minimal plaque index was seen in combining chlorhexidine / Sodium Fluoride regimen. In addition, the mean plaque control record percent different in accordance to the type and manner of the mouthwash applied, so that the lowest mean was illustrated in the regimen combining chlorhexidine / Sodium Fluoride mouthwashes. The observation showed no bleeding on probing in subjects who applied four regimens. The best outcomes of plaque index and plaque control record were obtained with use of chlorhexidine-sodium fluoride mouth washes
ABSTRACT
It has been suggested that delivering ozone into a carious lesion might reduce the number of cariogenic bacteria. This possibly could arrest the progress of the lesion and in the presence of fluoride perhaps allow remineralization. This study investigated the effect of ozone on leathery primary root caries. The study was a clinical trial using a split mouth design. A total of 23 pairs of bilateral leathery primary root caries were selected from Shahid Beheshti Dental School. After brushing, DIAGNODENT values of the samples were recorded in three points. Half of the samples which had been randomly selected were treated for 12 seconds using OZOTOP [MECTRON SWISS Inc.] The opposite arch was selected as the control group. Fluoride therapy was performed on both groups and DIAGNODENT values were measured again. This process was repeated a month later and DIAGNODENT values were recorded. Three months after the initial treatment DIAGNODENT values were measured again. Results were evaluated by using paired t test. The statistical significance level was set at P<0.05. The highest reduction was observed within the group of combined use of fluoride and ozone after 3 months [2.0439]. Comparisons between 3 months from baseline in the intervention group and the control group using paired t-test determined statistically significant differences [P value<0.001]. In a 3-month period, the combined effect of fluoride and ozone in reducing the DIAGNODENT value was higher than using fluoride alone
ABSTRACT
Regardless of calcium hydroxide use as a pulp capping material, in many cases the results were questionable and unsuccessful. Recently the Portland cement has been introduced as a pulp capping material. The aim of this study was to compare the histological changes of cat's dental pulp after capping with calcium hydroxide and Portland cement. This study was experimentally done with histological observation. Ten healthy adults and coeval cats were selected. After keeping them in standard condition for two weeks, class III cavities on distal of canine teeth were prepared and the pulp were exposed. In each jaw, one pulp was covered with calcium hydroxide A and the other treated with Portland cement B. Two cats were sacrificed after one week and the others were sacrificed after two months. Samples were assessed for severity of inflammation, dentinal bridge formation, necrosis, hyperemia and calcification. The data were analyzed by Mann-whitney U test. In one week, samples were similar to each other. After two months, dentinal bridge formation was found in 3 samples [20 percent] of group A and in 9 samples [60 percent] of group B. Inflammation was seen in 13 pulps [86.7 percent] of group A and 6 pulps [40 percent] of group B. Necrosis areas in group A were found in 10 pulps [66.7 percent] and in 5 samples [33.3 percent] of group B. Calcification was seen in 4 pulps [26.7 percent] of group A and in 6 samples of group B. Also odontoblastic layer was seen in 3 samples [20 percent] of each group. Portland cement showed more dentinal bridge formation, less inflammation and necrosis in comparison with that of calcium hydroxide when used as a pulp capping material [p<0.05]