ABSTRACT
The World Health Organization emphasizes the evaluation of health services to improve quality of care. Because the main purpose of quality measurement is to identify the weaknesses of a program, this study aims to assess the quality of midwifery care provided to women admitted for delivery in selected hospitals of Yazd medical science university. A total number of 100 women randomly selected and were included in a cross-sectional study conducted in Yazd, Iran. Data were collected in the labor and delivery wards of Shaheed Sadoughi and Afshar hospitals, between September 2010 and February 2011. A valid and reliable observation check list was used for data collection. The validity of check list was accessed by content validity and the reliability was approved by computing spearman coefficient [0. 93]. The check list included 247 items covered the 26 dimension of care across labor process. Observation was done by a midwife who was not practicing at the study sites, and was especially trained in study method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16. The mean age of subjects was 24 / 43 +/- 5/4 years. The Number of pregnancies of was 1 to 2, in 64 percent of participants in the study. The results showed that the overall quality of midwifery care provided in different stages of labor, was not desirable. The highest scores of quality was related to midwife- mother communication and perennial repair, and the poorest score was related to vital sign control. it is essential that the authorities plan to control the services provided by staff, Installation and implementation of treatment protocols of ministry of health, informing personnel duties and holding workshops to take steps to eliminate the existing shortcomings. The protocols should be translated into action with an enhanced collaboration among midwives, obstetrics and reproductive health programmers
ABSTRACT
Background: Various studies all over the world have found support for the predictive validity of the theory of planned behavior with respect to smoking. In the absence of a valid and reliable theory of planned behavior [TPB] questionnaire for tobacco use in Iran, the purpose of this study was to design and assess the validity and reliability of the tobacco use theory of planned behavior scale in Iranian male adolescents
Materials and Methods: Four hundred and seven students, aged between 14 and 19 years, served as the subjects of this study. They were selected through multi-stage random sampling. A questionnaire was designed based on Ajzen's advice. The reliability coefficients were calculated by two different methods: Cronbach alpha and test-retest. Also, in order to determine the validity of the scale, we used three methods, including face validity, content validity, and construct validity
Results: Factor analysis showed that TPB consisted of 4 components [attitude, perceived control behavior, subjective norms, and intention], which explained 61% of common variance. Results show the total test-retest reliability and internal consistency to be 0.84 and 0.86, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis results show that the four-factor model of TPB fits the Iranian sample
Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the Persian version of the tobacco use TPB scale were acceptable and suitable
ABSTRACT
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide and although pap smear is considered as an effective screening program, the level of using screening is low. The purpose of this study is pap smear test structures for measuring health belief model and factors affecting women in urban centers covered Zarandieh. This was a cross-sectional study [descriptive-analytical] which included 265 Urban Women's in Zarandieh. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire included demographic variables and knowledge and health belief model questions. Data was analyzed using chi-square tests, Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, at the significance level of p<0.05. Significant differences were detected between those tested and not tested in mean of score knowledge and all the variables HBM [sensitivity, benefits, barriers, threat and intensity perceived],]p<0.001]. The HBM constructs, age, level of study and knowledge accounted for 30.8% of the variance observed for Pap test. Perceived susceptibility and benefit were the most important predicting factors. These findings can be used to guide the development of more effective educational programs and increase the amount of women's participation in Pap smear
ABSTRACT
Background: Nowadays, prisons are one of the certain centers of HIV in all over the world. In fact, prisoners are not only susceptible to exposure of HIV infection, but also they are a reservoir for beginning and development of HIV in the society
Objective: This study has been aimed to evaluate the effect of health education program on the AIDS preventive behaviors of prisoners aged under 25 years old [Ghezalhesar prison-Tehran]
Methods: In this quasi-experimental research 50 male addicted prisoners were selected. A questionnaire was developed in four sections: demographic factors, knowledge, attitude and practice and it was used after taking reliability and validity. The level of KAP toward AIDS was evaluated first by using a questionnaire [pretest]. The educational needs were recognized, and then the educational plan was designed. Educational methods in this study was lecturing, group discussion, face to face, answer question, poster, leaflet, pamphlet and video film. After 2 month performing educational program, KAP was determined again [posttest] and then was compared with pretest information. Collected data were analyzed by parametric and non-parametric statistical tests
Findings: The results of the study show that 22% of prisoners in prison had drugs Injections, 8% of them had sexual intercourse, 38% of them had one razor shared and 6% of them had tattooed. Also 82% of prisoners were witness in using syringe for drugs and 48% were witness for sexual intercourse of other prisoners. Analysis of the data, before and after the educational program showed that there is significant difference between knowledge, attitude and practice
Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that health education program has caused an increase in KAP