[ neurofibromatosis type 1 family report with multiple cases in 3 consecutive Generations]

Neurofibromatosis type1 [NF1] with the incidence of 1 in 3500 births, is the most common disorder which affects skin and peripheral nervous system. NF1 results from mutations in NF1 gene. The NF1 gene spans 350kbp and to date, nearly 2434 mutations in it were reported. The gene with 100 percent penetrance is located on chromosome 17 encoding neurofibromin protein. Recently, many challenges of its genetic analysis have been overcome through the application of new sequencing techniques. In present study patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 have been characterized from clinical symptoms such as presence of cafe au lait spot, plexiform neurofibroma, optic nerves involvement, presence of several patients in first degree relatives. These patients were in different ages including 73, 63, 44, 20 with different symptoms and severities of disease. In this communication, a NF1 family with 4 cases in 3 generations has been presented

[Predictor factors of sleep problems in school-age children with attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity]

Introduction: Assertiveness, is one of the life skills that effects on increasing self-esteem, logical expression of thoughts and feelings, reducing anxiety, improving social communication skills and supporting human rights and finally increasing life satisfaction and happiness

Objective: This study aimed to determine effects of Gestalt therapy on assertiveness of nursing students

Methods: The pilot of study is situated on clinical trial research experiment, for two groups before and after intervention. Among 80 nursing students enrolled in Nursing and Midwifery school of Islamic Azad University Najaf Abad in 2013-2014 who trained in the field, all those who had poor expression were 36 subjects which measured with Adolescence Self-Assertiveness [ASA] scale and 24 subjects who want to enter to the research were separated randomly into experimental and control group. Experimental group consisting of Gestalt therapy, two-hours per session for 8 weeks, were trained. The control group did not receive the interventions. Therefore data analysis performed using the mean scores, paired t- test and intervention

Results: In experimental group, the mean scores of assertiveness after intervention increased significantly [P<0/001]. The mean scores of assertiveness of the control group showed no increase significantly [p=0/4]. Comparison between mean score of assertiveness after and before of intervention in experimental group with control group was significant [p<0/005]

Conclusion: Gestalt therapy is effective on increasing of assertiveness. Thus, according to the results of this research, it may suggest that the methods of psychotherapy could be useful for ineffective components within enactment beliefs

[Effect of xylanase supplementation on small intestine histomorphometry in broiler chickens]

Exogenous enzymes such as xylanase can cause recovery of efficiency in poultry. In this study we investigated the effects of xylanase supplementation on small intestine histomorphometry in broilers chicken. Two levels of xylanase supplementation [with or without 0.07% xyIanase] was used in 4 treatment groups [two repetitions for each group and 15 chicks per group]. After 42 days, 10 chicks from each pen were euthanized to study the duodenum. jejunum. and ileum histomorphometry. Using light microscope, morphological changes of small intestine including villous height. Number of goblet cells, diameter of epithelium, crypt depth and ratio of crypt depth to villous height were evaluated. Addition of xylanase increased villous height and crypt depth [p <0.05] and decreased goblet cell number and epithelium diameter in different sections of small intestine as compared to the control group. The findings of this study suggest that addition of exogenous xylanase in broiler diets based on wheat can effectively increase the absorption of nutrients

[Identifing relationships among acute phase proteins [Hp and Fb], albumin and clinical findings in dairy calf pneumonia]

Enzootic calf bronchopneumonia is a multyfactorial disease that occurs in association whit the in telaction of various infectious agenes, and colf susceptibility. The economic losses is associated with death loss and treatment costs, reduction of live weight gain and reduced of productive life span, whith mey be considevable. The aim of this study was to examine the acute phase response in calves with enzootic pneumonia. We measured acute phase proteins [App] and identified some potential markers useful for evaluation of calve's health status. Sixty Holstein calves within two weeks to six months old were divided into two groups. Clinical findings of individual were recorded after the physical examination. Blood samples were taken from the calves and were used for Complete blood count [CBC] and serum biochemical evaluation. Clinical findings including body temperature, pulsation, and respiratory rate were significant between two groups. Hematological parameters showed no significant differences between two groups as well as some biochemical profiles [albumin and globulin]. The results of this study indicated a significant increase in Haptoglobin [Hp] and Fibrinogen [p<0.05]. Our results showed the application of Haptoglobin and fibrinogen measurements as indicators of health in calf herds, thereby facilitating treatment decisions

[Effects of education on students' parents' knowledge towards cardiovascular risk factors]

Heart diseases represent the most common causes of mortality worldwide. Knowledge towards heart disease and its risk factors is an important pre-requisite for an individual to implement behavioral change leading towards heart disease prevention. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of education on knowledge of students' parents' towards cardiovascular risk factors. This interventional study was carried out in Tehran 13[th] district. A well-prepared questionnaire was used to collect initial data. Data analysis was achieved by SPSS software using ANOVA, paired t-test and correlation coefficient. Totally, 432 subjects with the mean age of 34.6 +/- 5.9 years took part in our study, of whom 89.1% were householder. The mean knowledge score was significantly differed before and after education [p<0.05]. Unfortunately, parents' knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors were not adequate. This study suggests that educational programs can positively influence the knowledge towards cardiovascular risk factors