Mental health status of Iranian university students using the- GHQ-28: a meta-analysis

Background and Aim: Mental health is one of the most important factors which can affect all aspects of human life. One of the questionnaires to screen the non-psychotic disorders is the general health questionnaire [GHQ]

This meta-analysis study aims to investigate the psychological disorders by using general health questionnaire [GHQ] in Iranian university students

Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, MAG Iran, Iranmedex, Medlib, SID and ISI data bases for GHQ, psychotic disorders and students as main key words

In order to assess homogeneity and publication bias we used I2 index and Egger test. CMA 2.0 software was used for data analysis

Results: We found 77 studies performed between 1991 and 2015 which included 44162 students. By using random models, we found a prevalence rate of 33% [95% CI: 0.295, 0.371] for mental disorders among Iranian students which showed an increasing trend [p<0.01]

Conclusion: In this study we found a high prevalence rate of mental disorders with an increasing trend in the Iranian students

[Logic regression analysis for finding interaction effects of genes polymorphisms and other risk factors on low HDL: Tehran lipid and glucose study]

Logic regression is a generalized regression method that can identify complex Boolean interactions of binary variables. This method has been successfully used for analyzing single-nucleotide polymorphism data, because in SNP association studies interactions are important. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between some candidate gene polymorphisms and HDL concentration using Logic Regression. Subjects for this cross sectional study, 436 subjects [172 men and 264 women] aged >/= 20 with some polymorphisms, were randomly selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]. Logic regression analysis was used to identify combinations of main genetic effects and interactions associated with HDL. Cross validation and randomization test were done to avoid over fitting of the models. Cross validation test suggested that the Logic model with four Boolean combinations and four predictors was the best logic model, which after fitting, showed that individuals who carry Apoe SNP Reversed Ze 3 or have high TG have an odds ratio of 2.35 [CI 95%:1.3-4.25] for having low HDL compared to other subjects. Also subjects with high TG have odds ratio 2.73 [CI 95%: 1.65,4.53] for having low HDL. Results of this study shows that Logic Regression is a powerful method to determine the interaction effect between high TG and ApoE SNP for having low HDL

[Effects of valerian on bleeding and systemic manifestations of menstruation]

Primary dysmenorrhea, sometimes with one or more systemic symptoms and is associated with severe bleeding. We conducted a double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial to evaluate the impact of Valerian on the bleeding and systemic manifestations of menstruation. A total of 100 students were randomly assigned to treatment [51 subjects] or placebo group [49 subjects]. The treatment was 255 mg of Valerian 3 times a day over 3 days at the onset of menstruation. Bleeding and systemic manifestations were evaluated with a menstrual pictogram and multidimensional verbal scale before and during 2 consecutive menstrual cycles respectively. Statistical tests showed that severity and duration of bleeding between the two groups were not significantly different [p=>0.05].after treatment in two groups the mean total score for intensity of systemic than before treatment can be reduced [p <0.001], but this decreased statistically between valerian and placebo groups was not significant. Except on fainting variable intensity difference between groups was significant [p <0.05]. This study showed that valerian doesn't increase severity of bleeding and systemic manifestations. Valerian and placebo reduce severity of systemic manifestations but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. It seems more research is need. Valerian can reduce faint with dysmenorrheal

relationship between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of lymphoid neoplasm

The etiology of malignant lymphoma is still largely unknown. This study determines the relation-ship between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of lymphoid neoplasms in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Between 2007 and 2008, in a case control study conducted in Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz, Southern Iran, 200 subjects diagnosed with lymphoma according to the World Health Organization [WHO] classification were enrolled. Controls [n=200] were frequency matched to the cases by sex, age, and center. Subjects who were a farmer were compared with all other occupations. Out of the 200 cases that were diagnosed as lymphoid neoplasms, 100 were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 54 Hodgkin's lymphoma and 46 multiple myeloma. Seventy two percent of the NHL's were of the B-cell type, 15% of the T-cell type and the rest were not classified. Furthermore, subjects exposed to pesticides were at an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and MM, but not Hodgkin lymphoma. Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and MM was highest for exposure to pesticides, among them, insecticide's risk was confirmed

Comparison of axillary, tympanic and rectal body temperatures using a covariate-adjusted receiver operating characteristic approach

Accurate temperature measurement is crucial in pediatric population. Before diagnostic tests are implemented in practice, it is suggested that their accuracy or ability to discriminate to be studied. The accuracy of a diagnostic test can be summarized in a Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] curve. This study was carried out to compare the accuracy of tympanic and axillary methods with rectal measurement in children less than 6 years old. A total of 220 pair of ears, axillaries, and rectal sites were used to determine the body temperature in patients aged between 3 months and 6 years, who referred to Emergency Department of Ali Asghar Hospital affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Rectal temperature [RT] was considered as gold standard. Fever was defined as RT >/= 38°C. RT, axillary, right and left tympanic temperature were measured. Measure agreement was assessed by covariate-adjusted ROC regression. By comparing the area under the curves in Hanely method and the results from ROC regression analysis, we found out a significant agreement among the three measuring techniques and none of them was more accurate than the others. None of these techniques [axillary, right and left tympanic] was more accurate than the others and it is better to use a technique that is more convenient, painless, and safer than rectal temperature. We also propose using a modified parametric distribution-free ROC estimator which is conceptually easy and is simple to implement with the existing softwares for comparing the accuracy of medical tests