[ relationship between women physical fitness and obesity and the severity of CAD]

Ischemic heart disease is the most prevalent cause of mortality in women and change in lifestyle including better physical fitness could control this condition. To determine the relationship between physical fitness and obesity in women with coronary involvement. In this cross-sectional study, 113 women aged 40-60 with stable angina, were included. Demographic details and past medical history [hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia] were collected using a questionnaire. Also, the Duke Activity Scale questionnaire [including 12 questions] was completed for each patient. Later, a coronary angiography using Seldinger method was performed and the extent score determined. The body mass index was also calculated. Data were evaluated using SPSS/12, t-student test, and the correlation and regression analysis. The mean age, coronary involvement score, and the Duke Score were 50.18 +/- 8.71 years, 5.85 +/- 5.50 and 22.35 +/- 14.75, respectively. The coronary involvement score in women with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension was higher than those without such complications [p<0/05]. However, the activity scale was shown to have insignificant difference. In addition, there were significant differences between the scale of physical fitness and both the coronary score and the body mass index [P<0.0001, r=-0.33] and [P<0.02, r=-0.21], respectively. Nevertheless, no relationship between the obesity and coronary involvement was demonstrated [P>0.05]. According to our data, we must have more attention on physical fitness in women beside other change in life style

[Predictive value of coronary artery calcification in coronary artery stenosis]

Early diagnosis of CAD could lead to proper treatment of patients and coronary artery calcification is considered to be a valuable index in detecting coronary artery disease using a noninvasive technique. To evaluate the relation between calcification and stenosis of coronary artery. This was a cross sectional study in which 760 patients suffering from typical chest pain and as candidates for coronary angiography were evaluated for calcification of coronary artery by fluoroscopy. All patients signed a consent form while the whole procedures were fully explained in comprehensible language. Following fluoroscopy and angiography, the results were reviewed by two different cardiologists, separately. The presence of any significant stenosis greater than 75% was considered as a sign for severe CAD. The data were analyzed by x[2] followed by determination of sensitivity and specificity. Abnormal angiogram was found in 402 cases of our patients. In general, the positive and negative predictive values for calcification were 81.8% and 26%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 87.1% and 63.4% in females and 79.7 and 47.3% in males respectively. The highest predictive value was seen in patients below 40 years old [100%]. Coronary calcification in patients with abnormal coronary angiogram was found to be 5.4 times higher than those with normal angiogram. According to our results, the noninvasive fluoroscopic technique for detection of coronary artery calcification could be regarded as a screening tool to reveal significant coronary involvement

[Predictive value of ST-T change of avR lead in detection of coronary artery involvement inferior MI patients]

In inferior MI, both circumflex [CX] and Right coronary artery [RCA] can be involved. Application of noninvasive paramedical evaluations in predicting of such events is considered to be worthwhile. Detection of coronary artery [RCA or CX] involvement in inferior myocardial infarction based on avR change. In 100 patients with inferior MI, 12-lead standard ECG was recorded in first 6 hours and ST-T change of avR evaluated. T-P segment was considered as isoelectric line. Data were analyzed using SPSS-12 and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values evaluated. RCA disease was seen in 72 patients and CX in 28. Isoelectric ST, ST depression and ST elevation in avR were seen in 61, 22 and 17 patients, respectively. Positive predictive value [PPV] of isoelectric ST for RCA disease was 78.7% compared with 21.3% for CX. PPV of ST elevation for RCA and CX diseases were 70.6% and 29.4%, respectively. PPP of ST depression for RCA disease was 54.5% compared to 45.5% for CX. Regarding the higher PPV of isoelectric ST, clinicians are suggested to employ this criterion in addition to other findings for RCA involvement prior to invasive procedure

[Comparison of oral micro flora and coronary artery disease]

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in developed counteries and it's morbidity and mortality is also increasing in Asia. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking are majore risk factors of atherosclerosis. In recent years infectious agents such as clamidia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori and dental flora infections seems to be effective in development of atherosclerosis. This study was designed for finding possible relation between dental flora and coronary artery disease.This was a case-control study [40 case and 40 control patients]. Case group were the patients with 75%-one vessel coronary stenosis in angiography and control had normal angiography, oral samples were provided for microbial culture in 2 groups, and data were analyzed.Frequency of streptococcus viridance, streptococcus beta-hemoliticus, pneumococcus, gram-negative staphylococcus, gram-positive staphylococcus, Nisseria and diphteriod was 82.5, 15, 2.5, 12.5, 7/5, 17.5 and 5 percent in case group and 37.5, 27.5, 7.5, 5 and 7.5 percent for control group, respectively Statistical test showed significant difference between frequency of streptococcus viridance in case and control group. This study suggests a probable relation between streptococcus viridance and coronary artherosclerosis disease, so prophylaxis can be recommended for this purpose