role of diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on contrast- induced nephropathy in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention

Nephropathy is one of the serious adverse effects in administration of contrast media in percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]. This study was designed in order to evaluate the effect of ACEI and diuretics on contrast- induced nephropathy. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2006. Overall, 60 persons were randomly assigned for each group. Groups A and B were treated by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors [ACEI] and groups C and D were treated by diuretics. In group A, ACEI was discontinued from 36 hours before PCI and in group C diuretics were discontinued as well. The post-intervention and the amount of increase in the serum creatinin [Cr] level were compared by ANOVA between groups. The increase in Cr level was not significantly different between groups A and B [0.07 +/- 0.22 vs.,0.06 +/- 0.13 mg/dL, respectively, p=0.7]. Similarly, this difference was not significant between groups C and D [0.08 +/- 0.17vs. 0.05 +/- 0.14mg/dL, respectively, p=0.2]. Regarding to non- significant difference of Cr level between the groups either continuing or discontinuing ACEI and diuretics,in the presence of normal kidney function, these drugss,have no side effect in patients undergoing PCI

Obesity and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in women's in central Iran - women healthy heart project

Cardiovascular diseases [CVD] are considered the most important cause of death worldwide. Obesity is a major CVD risk factor. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and its association with other CVD risk factors in Iranian women. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2001 as part of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program [IHHP] in three Central Iranian cities of Isfahan, Najaf-Abad and Arak. Being over 19 years of age, absence of pregnancy, absence of mental retardation and Iranian nationality were the criteria for inclusion in the study. A questionnaire on demographics characteristics, drug consumption, smoking status, and physical activity were filled out for every subject. Height, weight and blood pressure of all subjects were measured and fasting blood samples were taken to measure blood glucose and lipids. The data were analyzed with T-test, X[2] and multiple linear regression, using SPSS11. Of 6391 women aged 38.8 +/- 14.5 years participating in the study, 79% lived in the urban areas and 21% in the rural areas. The prevalence of a higher BMI was greater in urban areas in all ages. Hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol-triglyceride and LDL-C disorders and inadequate physical activity were more prevalent in obese women than normal ones, but no significant difference was seen in HDL-C disorder and smoking between the two groups [P<0.05]. There was a significant positive relationship between BMI and age, blood glucose and urban residence, and a negative relationship was observed between BMI and inadequate physical activity [P<0.05]. The high prevalence of obesity and the major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in urban areas is testament to unhealthy lifestyle and insufficient physical activity of women in areas studied

Trends in blood pressure level, prevalence of hypertension and its care in Isfahan

This study evaluated the trend of HTN in population of isfahan who are above 18 years. Current study measured the trend of HTN, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the rate of patients awareness, treatment and control of HTN. This study consists of 4 cross sectional surveys which have been performed in 1991, 1993, 1997 and 2000. All 4 surveys measured the trend of HTN, the rate of awareness, treatment and control of HTN in patients. All studies were cross- sectional. The health supplier went to patients home and invited them to refer to HTN clinic of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center. When data were collected,, they given to computer and analyzed using SPSS by t-test. The trend of HTN has decreased since 1999 to 2000 [31.8% in 1991 and 17.5% in 2000] but this trend hasn't significantly decreased in population, also the trend of HTN between sexes had no significant differences [P>0.05]. The mean systolic and diastolic BP of both male and female hypertensive patients have been significantly decreased since 1991 to 2000. Percentile patients' awareness, treatment of HTN, and control of HTN have increased from 46%, 23% and 2.8% to 50%, 33.9% and 12% since 1991 to 2000 respectively. Women controlled their hypertension better than men [16.5% in women and 6.5% in men]. Considering decreasing of HTN, and the mean systolic and diastolic BP, it is essential to design and implement proper community-based intervention for primary and secondary prevention of HTN. The decreasing trend of HTN, mean systolic and diastolic BP and the increasing trend of patients' awareness of treatment, and control of HTN, are helpful to develop this process by these mechanisms. Considering the trend of HTN among patients above 60 years it is essential to implement more effective methods to control their HTN

Coronary arteriosystemic fistula

Coronary arteriosystemic fistula which drains into the left ventricular cavity is a rare congenital anomaly. A case of double fistulae between the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries and left ventricular cavity is presented. The patient's chief complaint, chest pain, was attributable to the "steal phenomenon"