Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction for trace analysis of diazinon in drinking water

Amongst organophosphate pesticides, the one most widely used and common environmental contaminant is diazinon; thus methods for its trace analysis in environmental samples must be developed. Use of diazinon imprinted polymers such as sorbents in solid phase extraction, is a prominent and novel application area of molecular imprinted polymers. For diazinon extraction, high performance liquid chromatography analysis was demonstrated in this study. During optimization of the molecular imprinted solid phase extraction procedure for efficient solid phase extraction of diazinon, Plackett-Burman design was conducted. Eight experimental factors with critical influence on molecular imprinted solid phase extraction performance were selected, and 12 different experimental runs based on Plackett-Burman design were carried out. The applicability of diazinon imprinted polymers as the sorbent in solid phase extraction, presented obtained good recoveries of diazinon from LC-grade water. An increase in pH caused an increase in the recovery on molecular imprinted solid phase extraction. From these results, the optimal molecular imprinted solid phase extraction procedure was as follows: solid phase extraction packing with 100 mg diazinon imprinted polymers; conditioning with 5 mL of methanol and 6 mL of LC-grade water; sample loading containing diazinon [pH=10]; washing with 1 mL of LC-grade water, 1 mL LC- grade water containing 30% acetonitrile and 0.5 mL of acetonitrile, respectively; eluting with 1 mL of methanol containing 2% acetic acid. The percentage recoveries obtained by the optimized molecular imprinted solid phase extraction were more than 90% with drinking water spiked at different trace levels of diazinon. Generally speaking, the molecular imprinted solid phase extraction procedure and subsequent high performance liquid chromatography analysis can be a relatively fast and proper approach for qualitative and quantitative analysis of diazinon in drinking water

[Evaluation of serum level of testosterone, Dehydropiandrosterone sulphate [DHEA-S] prolactin, Luteinizing Hormone [LH] Follicle stimulating hormone [FSH] in women with hirsutism]

Hirsutism is a common problem in young women that may be, sign of internal glands diseases [eg: ovary, adrenal, hypophysis,...]. The aim of this research was measurement of serum level of hormones that produce by these glands in women with hirsutism. In this cross-sectional, descriptive research, in all the hirsute women that referred to Dermatology clinic of Jahrom from April 2004 to April 2005 serum level of Testosterone, Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate [DHEA-S], prolactin, Luteinizing hormone [LH] and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone [FSH] was measured with ELISA method. Testosterone > 1.2 ng/ml. DHEA-S > 41 micro g/ml, prolactin > 25 ng/ml and LH/FSH>3 was considered abnormal. Data was analysed by chi-square method. Out of 81 patients who was referreds, 59 patients [72.8%] had positive FHx of hirsutism and 42 pts [52%] had irregular menstruation. Serum testosterone, DHEA-S and prolactin was high in 9.9%[7pts of Vlpts], 12.7% [10pts of 79pts], 10.1% [8pts of 79pts] respectively and 23.8% [19pts of 80 pts] had LH/FSH>3. High level of serum testosterone. DHEA-S and prolactin didn't have significant correlation with irregular menstruation [P=.429, .087, .713 respectively], Positive FHx [P= .67, .452, 1.000 respectively] and marrital status [P=.684, .73, .707 respectively]. LH/FSH>3 had significant correlation with irregular menstruation [P<0.001], But didn't have significant correlation with age [P=0.126], merrital status [p=.784] and positive FHx [P=.648]. Overall 34 pts [42/5%] had at least one abnormality in their laboratory examination [testosterant [up arrow] or DHEA-S[up arrow] or prolactint [up arrow] or LH/FSH >3]. Out of 81 pts, 59 pts [72.8%] had positives FHx of hirsutism so it seems that genetic has significant role for inducing of hirsutism. Many pts with hirsutism [34 pts [42.5%]] had at least one hormonal abnormality so as screening tests, measurement of hormones such as testosterone, DHEA-S, prolactin, LH and FSH is necessary in pts with hirsutism