ABSTRACT
The common method of caries status evaluation is the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth [DMFT] index. Recently the International Caries Diagnosis and Assessment System [ICDAS] has been introduced for a detailed evaluation of the dental caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the caries status with this new system while comparing it with the DMF index as a common method. A total of 110 dental students were selected randomly and examined. Examination was done in the dental unit under good light circumstances. First, all surfaces of the teeth were cleaned with a brush, rubber cup and prophylaxis paste and then rinsed. Subsequently, examination was performed in each person by two calibrated examiners according to DMFT system and ICDAS [evaluation of teeth status in occlusal and smooth surfaces in dry and wet situations according to codes of this system] and the information forms were completed. Chi square statistical test was used for data analysis. The mean DMFT was 7.16. According to ICDAS system nobody had 00 code meaning that at least one surface of 182 dental surfaces had a lesion. Only seven cases had codes 00-02. The results for codes 03 through 06 were as follow, respectively: 51, 49, 34, 2. Ninety nine cases had extracted or non-examinable teeth. The interexaminer kappa coefficient was 0.916. The new system, ICDASl, provides more accurate information than DMF for the investigators and epidemiologists. The DMFT number does not show any details about the dental status of the cases
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Caries Susceptibility , Dental Caries Activity TestsABSTRACT
Restoration of deepdental caries without pulp exposure is usually challenging for dentists. In order to prevent pulp exposure and subsequent root canal therapy [RCT], indirect pulp capping is usually performed. Step wise excavation [SE] is a conservative method that canreduce the incidence of pulp exposure and maintain tooth vitality without the need for RCT. Considering the high prevalence of dental caries among the Iranian population, knowledge about this treatment modality canbe beneficial for dentists. A 23 year-old patient with three deep carious lesions presented toour dental clinic. The teeth had normal responses to thermal tests and percussion. Due tothehighrisk ofpulp exposure following conventional complete excavation of caries, step wise excavation treatment was done. Three different lining materials [calcium hydroxide, MTA, CEM cement] were used to cover the remaining caries. The teeth were restored using posterior restorative glass ionomer [Fuji9, GC, USA]. The teeth were followed weekly inthe first month and then every six months up to 30 months clinically and radiographically. At30-month follow-up, the teethdid not show any sensitivity to cold or percussion,had no spontaneous nocturnal painor irreversible pulpitis symptoms and did not need RCT; these signs were all indicative of asuccessful treatment
ABSTRACT
To describe the outcome of the sapheno-femoral fistula as an alternative blood access site formaintenance hemodialysis in a prospective cohort of patients with end - stage renal failure.Twenty-two patients with vascular access failure in the arms were admitted for establishing saphenofemoralfistula as a puncture site for hemodialysis. The major saphenous vein was exposed at the junction sitewith femoral vein and its tributary veins were ligated. The saphenous vein was isolated and mobilizedthroughout the thigh and end to side anastomosis accomplished with the superficial femoral artery by a running6-0 prolene suture after conducting the vein through a subcutaneous tunnel.Failure rate of saphenofemoral fistula was 22. 7% at two years follow up. Mean +/- SE survival of fistulawas 16.4 +/- 2.75 months. Significant survival difference wasn't seen between two sexes. Rate of woundinfection and chronic pain of surgery site was similar [9.1%].Two-year survival rate of 77% and morbidity less than 10% leads to suggestion of saphenofemoralfistula as an alternative for upper extremity fistulas in end- stage renal failure patients