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1.
Scientific Medical Journal-Biomonthly Medical Research Journal Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. 2010; 9 (3): 316-307
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-144876

ABSTRACT

Numerous animals models have shown the inhibitory effects of fish oil on tumor growth, due to its long - chain omega - 3 fatty acids. The association between fish intake and breast cancer was investigated in this case - control study. This retrospective study involved 197 women with breast cancer and 197 healthy subjects as control. Data were collected by questionnaires concerning demographic data, reproductive as well as breast cancer - related risk factors and a food frequency questionnaire. Information about fish intake one year prior to the disease onset was collected through the questionnaire. Qualitative variables and age were tested through chi square and Mann- Whitney statistical tests, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used for final data analysis. The mean and standard deviation of age in case and control groups were 46.03 +/- 9.03 and 43.47 +/- 7.9 years, respectively. According to the final data analysis, shrimp [p=0.01] and tuna fish [p=0.002] intake were significantly influential in decreasing breast cancer risk. There was no significant association between breast cancer risk and total fish intake, its preparation and source [cultivated vs. marine]. There was no association between total fish intake, its source and/or preparation method and breast cancer. However, different fish species, shrimp intake, and use of conserved fish were important in reducing breast cancer risk


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Fishes , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies
2.
Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2009; 2 (4): 161-162
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-111909

ABSTRACT

Eating and drinking are essential for life. There are clinical situations that artificial hydration is necessary. For dying patients artificial hydration looks useless and in many conditions could even be harmful [e.g. pulmonary edema in hypoalbuminemic patients]. In our medical culture artificial hydration is a symbol of care to the patient and withholding it, is a very emotive issue, especially to the family. Attention to autonomy, explanation about advantages and disadvantages of artificial hydration to the family and reassure them that the patient will be looked after and kept comfortable till the last seconds might be the solution of this ethical dilemma


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ethics, Medical , Dehydration , Palliative Care
3.
Iranian Journal of Radiology. 2008; 5 (4): 199-204
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-87242

ABSTRACT

Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. Conventional x-ray imaging is usually obtained to aid the diagnosis during the initial evaluation. The decision for surgical intervention is usually based on a suspicious history, physical examination and radiologic findings. Our hypothesis is that radiographic imaging should not alter the decision for surgical intervention in patients with a suspicious history and appropriate findings on physical examination. Seven hundred and five adult patients with suspected impaction of an esophageal foreign body were reviewed from 1994 to 2006 at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahwaz. Plain films were performed in every patient with suspected esophageal foreign body [EFB]. Patients were included in this review if they were older than 15 years of age, initially presented for ingested foreign body evaluation, and underwent radiographic imaging prior to surgical intervention. Only adults satisfying all 3 criteria were included. The study group contained 705 patients [528 male and 177 female] with the malefemale ratio of 3:1. Of the total 705 cases, 636 patients had a radiologic study suggestive of FB and 623 cases [98%] had an FB at the time of esophagoscopy. The remaining 69 patients did not have an FB at the time of esophagoscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of conventional radiographs in the diagnosis of an ingested FB were 100% and 84.2%, respectively. Chicken bones were the most frequently responsible foreign body and the area just below the cricopharyngeus muscle was the most frequent level of impaction. Rigid esophagoscopy was used successfully for foreign body removal in 97.6%. The approach towards a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus comprises a thorough history and systematic examination followed by relevant investigations. Ingested FBs are commonly investigated with cervical x-ray studies


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Esophagoscopy , Retrospective Studies , Foreign Bodies/complications , Pharyngeal Muscles , Early Diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
Iranian Journal of Radiology. 2007; 4 (4): 247-250
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-119556

ABSTRACT

Ultrasound [US] detection of prenatal central nervous system [CNS] anatomic anomalies is very important in making decision about therapeutic termination. In the present study, the accuracy of US in detection of gross prenatal CNS anatomic anomalies has been investigated. 3012 pregnant women were scanned after 18 weeks of gestation by an expert operator in a referring center. All delivered fetuses were followed after birth through clinical examination and sonography. In this study, the accuracy of US in detection of gross CNS anatomic anomalies of fetuses after 18 weeks gestation was found to be 100%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of US were 100%. In sonographic examination of these 3012 pregnant women, 36 fetuses were detected with CNS anomalies, some of whom had more than one anomaly. Gross CNS anomalies observed included microcephaly, hydrocephaly, anencephaly, holoprosencephaly, ventriculomegaly, meningocele, encephalocele, lissencephaly, agenesis of corpus callosum, bilateral choroid plexus cysts and hypoplastic cerebellum. US is highly operator dependent and operator experience may be the most determinant affecting the results. Sonographic scanning after 18 weeks of gestation is associated with the best results


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Prenatal Diagnosis , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Fetus/abnormalities , Congenital Abnormalities , Gestational Age , Prospective Studies , Pregnancy
5.
Iranian Journal of Radiology. 2006; 3 (3): 155-162
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-77106

ABSTRACT

Mammographic differentiation of benign lesions from malignancies is a difficult task. We developed an artificial neural network [ANN] as a diagnostic aid in mammography using radiographic features as input. A three-layered ANN was used to differentiate malignant from benign findings in a group of patients with proven breast lesions on the basis of morphological data extracted from conventional mammograms. Our database included 122 patient records on 14 qualitative variables. The database was randomly divided into training and validation samples including 82 and 40 patient records, respectively, to construct the ANN and validate its performance. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and receiver operating characteristic curve [ROC] analysis for this method and the radiologist were compared. Our results showed that the neural network model was able to correctly classify 30 out of 40 cases presented in the validation sample. Comparing the output with that of the radiologist, showed a reasonable diagnostic accuracy [75%], a moderate specificity [64%] and a relatively high sensitivity [89%]. A diagnostic aid was developed that accurately differentiates malignant from benign pattern using radiological features extracted from mammograms


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Mammography
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