[Comparative effects of selected mouthwashes on halitosis using sulphide monitoring devise]

Halitosis is usually the result of vaporizing Sulfur Compounds [VSC] such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan. The common solution to oral malodor problem is frequent rinsing with mouthwashes. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of three locally produced and commonly used mouthwashes with a zinc chloride 0.1% solution on in-vivo production of VSC. The selected mouthwashes under investigation were: [1] IR: an anti-plaque and tartar control mouthwash containing sodium benzoate and benzoic acid as the active ingredients; [2] NS: this mouthwash containing H[2]O[2] stabilized with Ag+ ions; and [3] CI: a herbal mouthwash. The positive and negative controls were zinc chloride [Zn] solution and distilled water [DW] respectively. The seven participants in the study were instructed to first rinse their mouth with 5 ml of 6 mM cysteine solution. They kept their mouth closed for 90 seconds, followed by taking baseline mouth air samples in order to be measured by a sulphide monitoring [VSC] device [Halimeter]. Immediately after taking baseline measurements, subjects rinsed 10 ml of each test mouthwashes and solutions for 1 min on different days in a random crossover design. VSC measurements were repeated every 20 minutes up to three hours. Statistical data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, One-way ANOVA and Post-hoc LSD tests. Data revealed that, there were significant differences between the tested agents only at 20, 40, 60, and 80 minutes after rinsing. The order of VSC inhibitory effect in the first hour was according to the following order: ZN>NS>DW>IR>CI while in the next two hours the order changed to: NS>DW>IR>ZN>CI. The results of this study showed that hydrogen peroxide mouthwash has the best anti-halitosis effect compared to others over the three hours of testing period, although the highest clinical effect was observed over the first 80 minutes of mouthwash administration

prevalance and risk factors of gingivitis among the children referred to Isfahan Islamic Azad University [Khorasgan Branch] dental school, In Iran

The effects of periodontal diseases observed in adults have earlier inception in life period. Gingival diseases in a child may progress to jeopardize the periodontium in adulthood. Therefore, periodontal diseases must be prevented and diagnosed early in the life. Periodontal diseases risk factors must also be identified. The aim of this research was to find the prevalence and identify the risk factors of gingivitis among the children referred to Isfahan [Khorasgan] Azad University Dental School Clinic, Isfahan, Iran. In this research, the prevalence of gingivitis and its related risk factors were determined in 360 school children referred to Isfahan Azad University Dental School clinic. A questionnaire was filled for each student in which some information regarding their parent's education level, family income, and their school results were obtained. The habit of mouth breathing was also assessed. Then gingival, plaque, and oral hygiene indices were determined and recorded for each student. The prevalence of gingivitis was 73% among the children. With increasing the age from 6 to 11, the severity of gingivitis was increased. In all age groups, level of oral hygiene was superior in girls. Poor oral hygiene, mouth breathing, lower family income, and lower level of mother's education had negative effects on gingival health. The high prevalence of gingivitis observed in this research showed that comprehensive educational, preventive, and therapeutic oral hygiene programmes are needed to be planned from early school years

Viewpoints of health graduates of Isfehan for content evaluation of epidemiology courses

Capability of health graduates as important components of health service system in utility of principles of epidemiology is of great importance to override lime problems of Society. To evaluate the content of the Basic Epidemiology course by using Opinions of its graduates. Methods Through a descriptive cross- sectional study, 324 graduate working in health provision centers in Isfehan replied to a questionnaires delivered to them by mail. The main factors for evaluation were as follows: The usefulness of the content of the course and their viewpoints on development of teaching and design strategies. The finding indicated that 63.3%, of the graduates evaluated their epidemiology course to be useful for their job but only 23% were able to put the contents into utility. If potential and actual teaching strategies are held simultaneously, students will gain the necessary capabilities to increase time health level of the society