[Comparison of the CRP and ESR levels between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and control group]

Abstract Introduction: Low grade chronic inflammation can predict persons with risk of coronary heart disease [CHD] and type 2 diabetes. Women with Poly cystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS] are insulin resistant and have high risk for CHD and type 2 diabetes

Objective: Evaluate the correlation between low grade chronic inflammation and PCOS

Materials and Methods: This case-control study was done on 27 women with PCOS who were defined base on irregular menstruation and elevated androgen [clinical hyperandrogenism or hyperandrogenemia] and 27 healthy women who were matched as a control group base on similar body mass index [BMI] and age. CRP, ESR, SHBG and Testosterone were measured in all women in both groups. Determine of insulin resistance was assessed by estimation the ratio of FBS/ to Fasting insulin. The mean of testosterone, SHBG, CRP, ESR and the ratio of FBS/ to Fasting Insulin in the two groups were compared by t- test and the correlation between BMI, testosterone, SHBG and ratio of FBS/ to fasting insulin with CRP and ESR were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient

Results: The finding showed: the mean of CRP was significantly difference in two groups and it was more in case group. [549/67 +/- 378/38 and 2566 +/- 10/22, P<0/001]. The mean of ESR was 14/85 +/- 12/22 and 7/74 +/- 3/6 in case and control groups respectively and there was significant difference between them [P<0/007]. Also, there were significantly relation between log CRP and log ESR with BMI, there were a reversed significant relation between them and SHBG. There wasn't any relationship between log CRP and log ESR with testosteron. The collorate with FBS/Fasting Insulin and log CRP was significant and with log ESR was no significant

Conclusion: This study indicated that level of CRP and ESR in patients is higher than control group. It seems that low grade of chronic inflammation is a contributer factor to increase risk of CHD and type2 diabetes

Comparison of the effect of preoperative oral prophylactic antibiotic [Blast prophylaxis] and five days postoperative antibiotic treatment on the prevention of infections in bony impacted mandibular third molars surgery

Surgical removal of lower third molars is a frequently performed procedure but prescribing antibiotic in third molar surgery remains controversial. This study determined the effects of preoperative and postoperative antibiotic therapy on the prevention of infections in bony impacted mandibular third molars' surgery. In a prospective study of more than 9 months, a total of 100 bony impacted lower third molars were removed. The patient didn't show any sign of inflammation, swelling and systemic disease at the time of removal. Two groups were established. The first group [n=50] received 2 gr Amoxicillin one hour preoperatively. The second group [n=50] received oral Amoxicillin 500 mg for five days post-operatively. Clinical and radiologic features were recorded for each case. All patients were recalled on the seventh day after surgery to assess the pain, swelling, amount of mouth opening, the state of the wounds and the incidence of infection. Descriptive statistics, t and Mann-whitney tests were used to analyze the data. The incidence of infection was 2% in the patients. There was no significant difference regarding the evaluated parameters between the two groups. The study showed that preoperative prophylactic antibiotic therapy in comparison with post operative oral prophylactic antibiotic treatment in the removal of lower third molars doesn't contribute to a better wound state, less pain, decreased swelling, increased mouth opening and prevention of infection after surgery

Prevalence and risk factors of low-birth-weight infants in Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran

The study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of low birth weight [LBW] in 1109 hospital births in Zahedan city, Islamic Republic of Iran. The overall prevalence of LBW was 11.8% [95% CI: 9.9%-13.7%], similar for boys and girls [11.1% and 12.6% respectively]. LBW was significantly associated with mother's ethnic origin [Balouch], birth interval < 3 years, twin birth, no use of supplements during pregnancy, < 4 prenatal care visits, no education, younger age and presence of maternal disease. There was no effect of mother's parity, occupation and smoking status. After logistic regression analysis, the only significant risk factors were: birth interval < 3 years, twin birth, no use of ferrous sulfate and maternal disease

[Uterine perforation due to invasive mole: a case report]

Complete hydatidiform moles are known to have a potential for uterine invasion [15%] or distant spread [4%]. Factors that predispose to post molar tumor are beta-hCG level> 100000 mIU/mL, uterine size greater than expected for gestational age, and theca lutein cysts> 6 cm diameter and complete moles in older women. This is a case report about uterine perforation due to invasive molar pregnancy. The patient was a 43 years old woman who was admitted to emergency department due to faint and lower abdominal pain. She had a history of suction curettage because of molar pregnancy 4.5 months ago. Since that time she has not had any vaginal bleeding. Because of acute abdomen and also sonographic report, emergency laparatomy was done. The uterine fundus was perforated due to invasive mole so abdominal hysterectomy was performed. Further evaluation didn't show occult metastatic disease and the patient was treated with single agent chemotherapy. The beta-hCG level gradually declined and became zero. Now the patient is following and she has no problem

correlation between Helicobacter pylori antibody and hyperemesis gravidarum

Hyperemesis gravidarum is one of the serious complications of pregnancy, which can affect health both in mother and the fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori antibody and hyperemesis gravidarum. The present work was a case-control study carried out in Qods hospital, Zahedan, Iran in 2003. Forty patients with hyperemesis gravidarum were compared with 40 normal pregnant females matched with case group for age, gestation time, parity and weight. Blood samples were taken and detection of IgG antibody against Helicobacter pylori was performed using ELISA technique. The data were analyzed by the chi-square and t-tests. IgG antibody against Helicobacter pylori was positive in 85% of case group and 52.% of control group showing a significant difference statistically [P=0.002]. The mean and standard deviation values for antibody in case and control groups were [42.66 +/- 38.13] IU/ml and [21.70 +/- 22.34] IU/ml, respectively. A significant difference was found between two groups [P=0.0026]. Based on data found in our study, there is a significant correlation between hyperemesis gravidarum and the presence of IgG antibody against Helicobacter pylori

Effect of combination of vitamin B1 and B6 on leg cramps in pregnancy

Muscle cramp is a painful unusual local contraction of a muscle or part of a muscle. Between 5 to 30% of women complain from leg cramps during their pregnancy. Magnesium plays an important role in muscular function and metabolism. There is no adequate combination of Magnesium in Iran, As Magnesium interacts with both vitamin B1 and B6s and consuming these vitamins during pregnancy has no risk to the pregnant women, this study was performed to find the therapeutic effects of a combination of theses two vitamins on leg cramps during pregnancy. In this prospective double blind clinical study, 63 pregnant women who had leg cramps during their pregnancy were studied for frequency, intensity and time of the cramps. They were given coincidentally 56 capsules contained 250 mg of vitamin B1 and 240 mg of vitamin B6 or 56 capsules containing starch. They were advised to take two capsules daily for four weeks. Subsequently, the patients were assessed for frequency, intensity and time of cramps. Our results showed that following treatment, the frequency and intensity of the cramps were significantly lower in the case group than those of the control group [p<0.001, p<0.01]. However, there was no significant difference in time of cramps between the two groups. No side effect was seen following the use of two vitamins or placebo. It seems that the prescription of vitamin B1 and B6 is more effective than placebo in decreasing frequency and intensity of leg cramps during pregnancy

Educational process of interns in obstetrics and gynecology department at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2002

Investigating educational situations of interns in different departments is one of the objectives of educational planning in order to prevent a low quality education and provide some solution for that. This study was done to investigate the learning situation of male and female interns in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in order to compare the amount of their learning, and to provide some suggestions to improve the quality of learning and education. All inters [30 males and 40 females] in Zahedan Medical University have participated in this descriptive study during 2002. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which included questions regarding common emergencies and diseases of obstetrics and gynecology, and different learning criteria. The data analysis was done by SPSS software using mean, standard deviation, frequency of learning criteria and Chi-square. The mean of frequency of learning indicators such as observation, discussion on bedside, managing under the supervision of residents and attending physicians, and personal management, in common emergencies and diseases of obstetrics and gynecology in male interns were lower than female interns. Furthermore, the mean of frequency of managing capabilities in common emergencies for male and female interns were 12% and 70.5%, respectively. These values for common diseases were 14.2% and 59.3%, in male and female interns, respectively. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the learning criteria, and proper managing capabilities. Considering the low frequency of learning indicators such as observation, discussion on bedside, managing under supervision of attending physicians and residents, and personal managemen,t in male interns, and a need to their service in deprived areas, it is necessary to improve the learning quality in obstetrics and gynecology department, especially for male interns

Study of zinc deficiency in pregnant women

Zinc is one of the elements necessary for growth and health in human. Some evidences indicate that the zinc deficiency is one of real difficulties for the public health in developed and developing countries. Since the pregnant women are more at risk by the zinc deficiency, and this can cause many problems, in this study we tried to find out the rate of zinc deficiency in pregnant women within the region. This research project was analytical-descriptive study which was done on the 400 pregnant women whom referred to Zahedan Ghods hospital. A questionnaire was set up for each case which contained the following items, mother age, pregnancy age, numbers of deliveries, education, and consumption of iron tablet during pregnancy. The serum zinc level in each mother in this project was determined by atomic absorption technique. Prevalence of zinc deficiency among the pregnant women was 49%. Statistical analysis indicated that zinc deficiency had correlation with mother age, term of pregnancy and iron consumption. But zinc deficiency showed no correlation with numbers of deliveries and education

[ comparison of therapeutic effect between mefenamic acid and mefenamic acid plus fish oil in reduction of the severity of pain in primary dysmenorrhea]

Introduction: dysmenorrhea is a common gynecologic disorder that at least half of women experience it in their reproductive period. The most important cause of primary dysmenorrhea is the enhancement of prostaglandins production and their role in appearance of the pain

Objective: the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Mefenamic Acid and fish oil with Mefenamic Acid alone in reduction of the severity of pain in primary dysmenorrhea

Materials and Methods: this study was designed as a double blind crossover trial. 60 women with primary dysmenenorrhea presenting to Zahedan Ghods hospital clinic were selected as presenting sample and divided into two groups 1 and 2 alternately. First group used Mefenamic Acid and Fish oil for 2 first months, then they didn't take any treatment for 2 months and then used Mefenamic Acid with the previous dose and similar placebo for 2 months. Second group used this therapeutic regime reversely. Visual analogue scale [VAS] was used to assess the response to treatment

Results: the results indicated that the efficacy of prescription of Mefenamic Acid and Fish oil in reduction of the severity of the pain is significantly more than Mefenamic Acid and placebo

Conclusion: so, it is recommended to use Mefenamic Acid and fish oil instead of increasing dosage of NSAIDS