ABSTRACT
Hearing loss can affect physical, mental and social health of deaf individuals and may lead to depression, anxiety, isolation, suspicion and stress. This study is aimed to compare the mental health in hearing impaired elderly with hearing aid and hearing impaired elderly without hearing aid, referred to Ahvaz imam Khomeini hospital. This is a descriptive - analytic, case-control study. The study population included 72 hearing impaired elderly with 60 years of age and older referred to Ahvaz imam Khomeini hospital. Therefore, 36 patients with hearing aid and 36 patients without hearing aid were allocated into each group consisted of 18 women and men. Data collecting tool included Kohlberg general health questionnaire - 28 [GHQ-28]. Public health measures [GHQ-28] includes general health and four subscales of anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, social dysfunction. Independent samples t test was used for data analysis. Mean mental health scores in hearing impaired elderly without hearing aid and with hearing aid was 48.13 and 35.66, respectively. T test showed that the difference between 2 groups is statistically significant [p=0.001] and the difference mean mental health scores between men and women in 2 groups was significant [p
ABSTRACT
Performance evaluation could provide information to managers that they need to evaluate and monitor of the current status and activities in hospitals. The PABON LASSO model was applied to evaluate performing of hospitals affiliated with Ahwaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences to produce the information that used by policy makers in their attempt to make more productivity health care system. This cross-sectional and descriptive study involved in 26 hospitals, with 3824 available beds. Data for this study extracted from computerized databases within statistical department of vice- chancellor for clinical affairs. This study used the PABON LASSO model combining with three major indicators of hospital performance named as average length of stay, bed occupancy rate, and bed turnover which analyzed in PABON LASSO model. The statistical software SPSS-13 used to derive three basic performance indicators. Based on 10 hospitals in Zone 3 of the model the satisfactory level of efficiency indicated. Results in 2 hospitals demonstrated the inefficiency and underutilization of resources by falling into Zone 1 and 7 hospitals in zone 2 and 7 hospitals placed in Zone 4. The overall average length of stay, bed occupancy and bed turnover rates were 3.57 days, 63.13% and 79.37 times respectively. The performance of hospitals affiliated with Ahwaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences was in a relatively desirable level. Future research should be focused on why and how this situation could be improved in the hospitals with low efficiency
ABSTRACT
Entrepreneurship is an essential part of todays economy which is based on sophisticated scientific methodology. Universities as the main educational organizations for manpower training and one the bodies responsible for social culture development are obliged to do a reengineering in their programs and processes to fulfill entrepreneurship culture development in the society. Entrepreneurship produces new ideas and changes them to products or services. This in addition to increased performance and social welfare will lead to lowered unemployment rates. All sectors of our society including health need entrepreneurship promotion. Lowering unemployment rates as a consequence of entrepreneurship is the main focus of interest. Changing universities policies programs and processes are prerequisites of this reengineering to provide the society with new trainees who are qualified in both knowledge in their specialty field and expertise in business. This article discusses different issues of entrepreneurship in Iran and among universities of medical sciences
Subject(s)
Universities , Schools, Medical , Health Services , TeachingABSTRACT
Culturing embryos on Matrigel[TM], is one of the most suitable methods for studying in vitro embryonic developments. As Matrigel has not been used extensively in different species for embryonic development studies, this study was undertaken to determine the effects of Matrigel on the developmental processes of mouse blastocysts. To a number of female NMRI mice, hMG and HCG injections were made for ovulatory stimulation and then they mated with males from the same strain. Later on, blastocysts were obtained and randomly divided into 2 groups: 150 case blastocysts and 134 control blastocysts. Blastocysts were cultured for 48 hours in M16 medium, supplemented with 4mg/ml of bovine serum albumin [BSA]. Later, the blastocysts were compared with the blastocysts cultured in Matrigel plus the same medium. Developmental studies were carried out every 24 hours for 2 days. The data was analyzed by SPSS software and the results were tested by chi-squared. After 24 hours, a significantly higher ratio of embryos reached the hatched blastocysts stage ? in the case group [74%], compared with that of the control group [52.2%], [p<0.05]. At the same time the percentage of fragmented blastocysts in the control group was 11.9% which was significantly higher than the case group [2%], [p<0.05]. After 48 hours, 41% of blastocysts cultured in the control medium, developed to stage I, the value being significantly more than the blastocysts in the case group [p<0.05]. Moreover, after the same period of time [48 hours], the percentage of stage II hatched blastocysts in the case group [79%] was higher than the control groups [59%], [p<0.05]. Matrigel use in enriched culture media can increase development and growth of mouse blastocysts. It also seems that ultrastructural studies of cultured embryos or immunocytochemical studies from this regard would be beneficial in understanding the processes involved