ABSTRACT
Thyroid ultrasonography has proven a useful and practical method for the assessment of thyroid size.Thyroid ultrasonography were carried out first to determine the standard thyroid volume in normal children and adolescents.Second to establish a standard growth curve of thyroid volume with respect to age, sex, height and weight. We effected sonographic examination of 220 patients [110 females and 110 males] from Sharkia governorate aged between 1 day and 18 years and body weight from 2.0 kg to 90.0 kg. In this study the volume of thyroid glands in newborn is 0.8 ml +/- 0.21 ml. Mean thyroid volume was found 5.5 ml +/- 0.61 ml in 6-8 years old, while it was 17.5 ml +/- 2.35 ml in 14-16 years old male and 15.3 ml +/- 2.51 in 14-16 years old female. The right lobe was larger than the left one in all age groups. Thyroid volume determined by ultrasound in control children increased with age up and was correlated with height and body weight
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Size Perception , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Sex Characteristics , Body Weight , Body Height , AnthropologyABSTRACT
The present work aimed to study the ultrastructure of the corneal epithelium of the adult rabbit by the electron microscope in an attempt to gain some insight into the structural-functional relationships. Five young adult male rabbits of domesticated New Zeal and white strain were used in this study. The surface epithelium of the rabbit cornea presented fine irregular microvilli and microplicae with a layer of glycoprotein spread over the surface of the corneal epithelium. There are three types of wing cells on the basis of electron density: Light, medium and dark. Between plasma membranes of the wing cells, many desmosomes, gap junctions and zonula adherens were observed. Hemidesmosomes and gap junctions were presented in the basal layer of cells, which established most of the junctional complexes with the basal lamina. The regular architecture of the corneal epithelium allows light to pass with minimal disruption. The squamous epithelial cells have large stores of glycogen that provide an energy reserve. Moreover, the tight junction in the corneal epithelium offers a significant barrier to ion diffusion across the epithelium