[Molecular study of partial deletions of AZFc region of the Y chromosome in infertile men]

The most significant cause of infertility in men is the genetic deletion in the azoospermia factor [AZF] region that is caused by the process of intra- and inter-chromosomal homologous recombination in amplicons. Homologous recombination could also result in partial deletions in AZF region. The aim of this research was to determine the association between the partial AZFc deletions and infertility. The blood samples were taken from 100 infertile men, who referred to the Infertility Center of Isfahan, Iran. 100 healthy matched people were also selected as the control group. The five markers of sY1201, sY1206, sY1161, sY1291, and sY1191 were applied in order to study partial deletions. Partial deletions were analyzed in AZF region using the Multiplex-STS-PCR technique. The chi-square test was conducted to check the difference between pretest and posttest. Differences were considered significant if P < 0.05. 9% of studied persons showed gr/gr deletion [in the patient group]. Only one case of gr/gr deletion was observed in the control group. Five patients showed b2/b3 deletion. One b2/b3 deletion was seen in the control group. The b2/b4 deletion was observed in 3 patients. In conclusion, partial deletions were observed in 14% of the patients. The statistical analysis of the gr/gr deletion in the study indicates a meaningful difference, but b2/b3 deletion does not represent a meaningful difference. Our results suggest that gr/gr deletions are associated with spermatogenic failure, and there is no association between b2/b3 deletion and infertility

[Rapidisolation and molecular detection of streptomycin-producing streptomycetes]

Streptomyces species are mycelial, aerobic gram-positive bacteria that are isolated from soil and produce a diverse range of antibiotics. Streptomyces griseus produces the antibiotic, streptomycin and forms spores even in a liquid culture. The gene cluster for the production of Streptomycin antibiotic contains strR gene that encodes StrR, a pathway-specific regulator. Then, this pathway-specific regulator induces transcription of other streptomycin production genes in the gene cluster. The overall aim of this work was rapid isolation and molecular detection of streptomycin-producing Streptomycetes, especially S. griseus, from Iranian soils in order to manipulate them for increased production of streptomycin. This research used new initiative half-specific medium for isolation of Streptomycetes from natural environments, called FZmsn. The fifty colonies of Streptomyces strains grown on the surface of FZmsn medium isolated from environmental samples were defined on the basis of their morphological characteristics and light microscope studies. A set of primers was designed to detect strR by OLIGO software. In colony-PCR reactions followed by gel electrophoresis, 6 colonies from Streptomyces strains colonies were detected as S. griseus colonies. These native Streptomyces strains will be used for genetic manipulation of S. griseus in order to increase production levels of streptomycin