Experience with penile circular fasciocutaneous flap in the treatment of long anterior urethral strictures

To evaluate our experience with penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty for the repair of long penile and bulbar strictures. Between February 2003 and April 2005, a total of 21 circumcised patients with a mean age of 39 [range 11 - 79] years underwent penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty for urethral strictures involving the penile and bulbar tracts. The average stricture length was 7 cm. Follow-up included retrograde urethrography at 3 weeks, 3 months and 12 to 18 months, and thereafter when needed, and evaluation of the urinary flow. The mean follow-up was 25.6 months [range 7 to 44 months]. The clinical outcome was defined as success when the patient had a good urinary stream, a post void residual urine 20 ml/sec, a normal and smooth caliber of the urethra as shown on retrograde urethrography and no urinary tract infection. Our initial success rate was 86% [18/21 patients]. An immediate successful outcome was achieved in 15/21 [71%] patients. Three patients had an unsatisfactory urinary stream in the immediate post-operative period which resolved after a single dilation or optical urethrotomy. With a mean follow-up of 26 months 2 patients developed a stricture at the proximal site of the repaired urethra necessitating resection and re-anastomosis. One patient with lichen sclerosus developed recurrence of the stricture and was subjected to suprapubic cystostomy, then further staged reconstruction was done. Immediate post-operative complications were encountered in 4 patients in the form of secondary hemorrhage, ischemia and sloughing of the penile skin, urethrocutaneous fistula which closed spontaneously and a decreased sensation at the lower limb in one patient each. Circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a highly effective single-stage method of reconstructing long urethral strictures. It provides ample tissue for urethral substitution

Effect of 2,4-D, GA3 and BA on some metabilities and mineral composition of leaves of drought stressed red radish plants

This work was conducted to investigate the possible role played by some growth promoters on certain metabolites in leaves of red radish plants grown under drought condition. Consequently, treatment with each of 2,4-D [1 ppm], GA3 [50 ppm] and BA [10 ppm] was found, in general, to increase markedly the values of soluble sugars [reducing sugars and sucrose], polysaccharides, total sugars, 2

"o acids, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and boron above those of the control, while it decreased the contents of amino-N, copper and iron below those of the control plants Moreover, foliar application of GAS increased the total soluble-N, protein-N and total-N, while spraying leaves with either 2,4-D or BA mostly decreased these nitrogen fractions compared to those of the control

relation between rumen acidosis and acid base balance in Egyptian buffaloes

Clinical signs of rumen acidosis in 40 buffalos were detected and arranged according to the degree of hyperacidity and the resulting local and absorptive alterations. From physiological and clinical points of view, rumen and blood pH, carbon dioxide tension [P CO2], oxygen tension [PO2], bicarbonate [HCO3], total carbon dioxide [T CO2] and base excess [BE] together with sodium, potassium and chlorides values, were determined in the diseased animals. The obtained results were compared with ten healthy animals. The obtained data revealed lowered values for both rumen and blood pH, bicarbonate, base excess and serum electrolytes with anoxia and hypercapnia in the affected animals

Studies on serum total protein and its electrophoretic pattern in Neonatal calves

Total serum protein and serum protein fraction levels in colostrum fed [CF] and colostrum deprived [CD] calves from birth up to 10 days had been studied. Serum total protein value of the CF calves increased significantly one day after birth [P <0.5], then decreased slightly after 48 hours and remained approximately at the same level till 10 days old. The increase in serum total protein at 24 hours reflected significant increase in beta and gamma globulins. Gamma globulins were evidently high reaching its maximum at 14 hours after birth, then decreased by 10th day. While, beta globulin level showed slight elevation. Serum total protein in CD calves was slightly increased at one day of birth [4.279%] reached its maximum [4.50%] at 3 days, then decreased by 10 days. At 24 hours after birth, beta and gamma globulins showed slight increase, reaching their maximum level at 3rd day. Beta globulins were slightly decreased at 10 days, while gamma globulins were slightly elevated. The obtained values for total and fractional proteins were obviously lesser than in those obtained in CF group

Evaluation of plasma fibrinoggen concentration in calves with bronchopneumonia

Normal values for plasma fibrinogen were determined in 103 normal calves and cows of various ages. The mean value of cows was approximately 555 +/- 0.130 mg% with a range [350-775 mg%]. For calves, it was somewhat lower 441 +/- 0.093 mg% [ranged from 273 to 620 mg%]. For pregnant cows [5-9 months], the mean PF level was moderately higher than the other groups i.e. 595 +/- 0.183 mg% with a range [440-880 mg%]. The obtained normal values indicated that the fibrinogen level in cattle is not dependent on age. The second part of this study involved the determination of fibrinogen and gamma- globulin levels in plasma of 53 calves invariably had bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, inspiratory dyspnea, cough, increase respiratory and pulse rates, depression and fever [40.3C]. The clinically diseased animals were divided into two groups: Group [G] included 32 calves which by clinical observation appeared to be cured [regression of clinical signs of pneumonia] and group [P] included 21 calves that were emergency slaughtered or died due to incurable respiratory affection

Electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins in neonatal diarrhoeic buffalo calves

Clinical signs, hematological picture, serum total protein and electrophoretic patterns in normal and diarrheic buffalo calves less than 10 days of age had been studied. The diarrheic calves classified according to the clinical signs of dehydration and the observed fecal consistency into mild, moderate and severe. There was significant increase in total count of erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration and packed blood cell volume in diarrheic calves. The rate of increment in this case reflected the degree of hemoconcentration from mild to severe diarrhea. There was significant elevation in albumin and alpha globulin concentrations parallel with progressive severity of diarrhea. Contradicting results were given for the gamma globulin concentration. A significant decrease was observed to be associated with progressive severity of diarrhea

Design of intensive care units [medical aspects]

On the proposition that while there is a multiplicity of diseases, the mechanism of death is rather uniformly limited to a fairly small number of physiological events which can be influenced. Medical practice in the I.C.U. is designed to observe and preserve these basic functions of life. Intensive care puts critically ill patients in a specialized environment under the care of a carefully trained staff who, ideally, have both the education and the personality to give close attention to minute physiological variations. By so doing, many untoward events can be anticipated and prevented rather than treated after they occur