survey on the Yazd pre-hospital emergency medical services' performance assessment, 2009-2010

Pre-hospital care has an important role in the management of critical patients. The more this management is appropriate, accurate and rapid, the less there is mortality and morbidity. It is therefore imperative to assess the current status of Emergency Medical Services [EMS] is to improve its performance. Three measures that can be considered in such assessments are the status of EMS staffing and equipments and more important, the response time of EMS system. This study had a main objective to survey these measures in Yazd pre-hospital EMS stations and to compare them with the existing standards. In a descriptive, analytical and cross- sectional study, we surveyed all 7 EMS stations of Yazd. We extracted the staffing status and the ambulance equipments through checklist and compared them with reference standards. Also, we surveyed 11961 run report forms from all stations that had been submitted to central station during 2008-2009. By using Excell software and descriptive statistics [percent, cumulative distribution and standard deviation],we calculated tractile response times for Yazd EMS and compared it with reference standards of Iran and North America. The results of the study showed that Yazd EMS system has major deficiencies in terms of staffing and access to advanced EMS equipments. Based on the results, only 1 station [14/3%] had sufficient staff. Also, none of the ambulances had the necessary equipments required for critical patients' management. Despite these deficiencies, 81/15% of response time was within 8 minutes, a reference standard for EMS. We concluded that the majority of call services in Yazd EMS have been responded in a suitable time interval compared with reference standards and country's approved EMS response time goal. Although, response time is an important factor in reducing morbidity and mortality in emergencies but deficiencies of personnel and equipments can affect the effectiveness of delivered services. There fore improving in staffing and equipments is an inevitable necessity to reach the goal

[Cost price estimation of radiology services in Shafa Hospital, Kerman, 2010]

Activity Based Costing is widely used as a cost measurement instrument to more closely approximate the true cost of operations. This study was aimed to estimate radiology services total cost in Shafa hospital, Kerman. This practical research was done by descriptive method in a Cross-sectional and retrospective form during year 2010. Data was collected trough direct observation, interviews and information sheets of hospital. Cost price of radiology services calculated by using activity based costing method and Excell software. Personnel cost involved 55.70% from total costs in the radiology department that is the highest share of department costs. Consuming materials obtained 7/57% of department costs. Nutrition cost's share was 1/23%. Water, electricity and telephone costs were/32% from total cost. Also, the depreciation cost equals 14/96% of total costs. Total cost in this ward was 1396273212 Rials from which 97/68% is related to direct costs and 2/32% to indirect costs. The results of research indicated that we can reduce the services cost price by improving performance management, especially human resource management initiatives and standardization of consumptions to reduce the consuming materials coat

Pre-hospital emergency medical services in developing countries: a case study about EMS response time in Yazd, Iran

Pre-hospital emergency medical services, a subsystem of Emergency Medical Services [EMS], provides early care to critically ill and injured patients in the field. Time is an important factor in pre-hospital care and the length of time it takes to reach care, has a significant impact on patient outcome. This study aims to calculate the response time in EMS stations of Yazd, Iran. During 2008-2009, 11961 run report forms from all 7 EMS stations in Yazd that had been submitted to central station were surveyed. By using Excell statistical software and descriptive statistics [percent, cumulative distribution and standard deviation], we calculated fractile response times for Yazd EMS. 81.15 percent of response times were within 8 minutes as a referenced standard for EMS. The majority of call services in Yazd EMS have been responded in a suitable time interval comparing with reference standards and country's approved EMS response time goal, but there are still rooms for improvement

comparative survey of organizational commitment based on personal traits: a case study on nurses in Yazd training hospitals

Organizational commitment has been defined as [the relative strength of an individual's identification with and involvement in a particular organization]. Organizational commitment and factors that predict it has emerged as a promising area of research in recent decade for there is a strong evidence of link between high levels of commitment and favorable organizational outcomes. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the staffs personality traits [introversion - extraversion] and organizational commitment. This comparative - applied study was carried out in 2009-2010. The research population consisted of nurses working at Shahid Sad doghi and Shahid Rahnemoon hospitals. The sample [n=175] was selected by random sampling method. The data were collected by 2 valid questionnaires.organizational diagnosis questionnaire [ODQ] and Eysenck personality questionnaire [EPQ]. Data analysis was performed through SPSS[14] software using descriptive statistics and independent T-Test. The results of research indicated that the introvert and extrovert nurses are different in regards with their organizational commitment [p-v = 0/000]. Also, the organizational commitment was significantly different in both personality groups [introvert, extrovert] in terms of age group [P=0.003, 0.046] and job tenure group [p = 0/002, 0/042]. In the introvert group, organizational commitment was different based on the employment status [p = 0/017] but there was no difference in any group in terms of sex and marital status. The research results indicated that personality traits as a predictor of organizational commitment should be considered in human resources management

Gap analysis between perceptions and expectations of service recipients through servqual approach in Yazd, Afshar hospital

The quality of service is a key ingredient in the success of health care, organizations. Parasuraman, et al [1985] defined service quality as the differences between predicted or expected service [customer expectations] and perceived service [customer perception].Recently, service quality has become an important research topic for of its significant relationship to costs, profitability, customer satisfaction, customer retention and service guarantee. Several tools have therefore been developed to measure service quality but the Parasuraman 22 item servqual questionnaire created based on the gap model remains the most widely used tool in a variety of industries. This study attempts to replicate the servqual measurement of Parasuraman et al in determining the gap between perceptions and expectations of service recipients in Afshar hospital. This descriptive - applied study was carried out cross-sectionally in 2010. The research population consisted of patients admitted to Afshar hospital wards. Totally 84 patients were selected by sample size formula. The data were collected by 22-item servqual questionnaire designed according to gap model. Data analysis was carried out through SPSS and LISREL software using Kolmosrof - Smirnoff and paired sample t -test. The results demonstrated that there was a quality gap in Afshar hospital,that is, there were significant differences between expectations and perceptions of patients in servqual dimensions. Also, the study identified some critical and problematic items that have main roles in constructing observed quality gap. The existing quality gap means patients' expectations exceed their perceptions.Thus improvements are needed to be made across servqual dimensions

assessment on internal teaching-curative hospital environment according Wise board's six-dimensions model [Shiraz City, 2006]

The evaluation of the internal environment is included the evaluation of an organization position, evaluation of performances, identified its problems and its potential abilities. If the internal evaluation has been done correctly, it makes a comprehensive view of existing situation in the organization, bring about a correct overview to it in which irrelative and inefficient programs would be replaced by competitive and efficient ones. The aim of present research was evaluation of internal environment in the teaching-curative hospitals in Shiraz city; based on six dimensions Wise board model. Present research is a descriptive cross-sectional applied study. In this study 362 people of personnel of teaching-curative hospital of Shiraz have been involved. Data have been collected by standard questionnaire, and analyzed by SPSS software, using t-tests. The maximum score was 7. All scores under 4 showed the strength; and scores more than 4 showed the weakness points. The average of the variable studied data in this research which included setting goals, organizational structure [organized activates], leadership, coordination, awarding system, staffs' communication and their points' of view according any changes, Ranks of the hospitals are as follows: for Namazi Hospital: 3.80, 4.01, 4.26, 4.39, 4.43, 3.74; for Zaynabiyeh Hospital: 4.04, 4.20, 4.84, 4.72, 5.96, 4.16, 3.68; for Chamran Hospital: 3.84, 3.48, 2.68, 3.76, 4.96, 3.36, 3.6; for Hafez Hospital: 3.24, 4.21, 3.44, 4.12, 4.84, 2.72, 3.52; and for Shahid Faghihi Hospital: 2.75, 4.84, 3.80, 4.36, 5.32, 3.48, 3.80. According to the finding data in this research: in setting a goal: Zaynabiyeh hospital, in organization structure Namazi, Zaynabiyeh, Hafez, and Shahid Faghihi; in awarding system all studied hospitals and in communication Namazi and Zaynabiyeh hospitals had weakness points; in which it is needed more attention. In all the hospitals, the staffs' point of view toward changes had strength points