[Comparison of adiponectin and leptin levels in obese children and adolescents]

Leptin, a protein with a cytokine-like helical structure and molecular weight of 16 KDa, regulates the body weight and homeostasis of the energy in the body. Adiponectin has protective and special metabolic effects as well as anti-inflammatory ones, and the adiponectin level in human blood has an inverse ratio relation with the insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to compare levels of leptin and adiponectin, and related hormones in the serum of obese children and adolescents. Sixty obese subjects were divided into two groups of 30 children and 30 adolescents. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded and adiponectin and leptin testosterone, growth, insulin, and cortisol hormones were measured in a fasting state in all subjects. The serum levels of leptin [101%], adiponectin [98%] and cortisol hormone [38.62%] were significantly higher in children than in adolescents [p<0/05]. When leptin and adiponectin were adjusted to body fat mass, the same results were observed. Serum levels of testosterone [82.58%], insulin [34.47%] and growth hormone[36.36%] were significantly higher in adolescents than in children [p<0/05]. The ratio of leptin to adiponectin had no significant difference among children and adolescents. Levels of leptin and adiponectin are higher in children than in adolescents

[ effect of 8-weeks of regular physical activity on blood glucose, body mass index, maximal oxygen uptake [vo2max] and risk factors cardiovascular diseases in patients with type of 1 diabetes mellitus]

Physical activities have beneficial effects on type 1 diabetes patients, who are often exempted from sport activities, due to general concerns about the possible side effects of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8-weeks of regular physical activity on blood glucose, body fat percent, maximal oxygen uptake [Vo2max] and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in type 1 diabetes patients. Twenty non-active patients, ranging in age from 15-25 years, participated in an 8-week regular physical activity program. Training consisted of 45-60 minutes aerobic exercises [60-80% Heart rate reserve] three times a week. Blood samples, body fat percent, maximal oxygen uptake were obtained before and after the 8-week training period. The fasting blood glucose, HDL-c, LDL-c levels and BMI did not change [p>0/05], but the BF%, TG, BPs, BPd and HR rest levels decreased and Vo2max level increased [p<0/05]. Eight weeks of regular physical activity had a positive effect on some physiological factors [BF%, TG, BPs, BPd, HR of rest and Vo2max] but had no effect on other factors such as fasting blood glucose, HDL-c, LDL-c and BMI