Drinking water qualities of different purification systems in Ismailia governorate

This study monitored ten drinking water treatment systems; three compact, two small filtration and five conventional. The bacteriological, chemical and physicochemical qualification of water was achieved at the inlet, pre-and post-chlorination. The counts of total viable bacteria, total coliform, fecal coliform, coliform streptococci, Salmonella, Shigella and Aeromonas were considered as the most reliable bacterial parameters for water potability. A total of 613 bacterial isolates was identified and found to belong to 18 genera and 21 species; most of them have pathogenic capabilities and free chlorine resistance reached 5 mg/l for 85 isolates. 30% of them represented Bacillus species, 15% Staphylococcus, 12% Escherichia and 10% Corynebacterium. Other 14 bacterial genera were distinguished in this survey

Incidence of Beta-lactamase production among common out patient clinic isolates and their resistance to some commonly prescribed antibiotics

In this survey 319 bacterial stains were isolated from patients reporting to the outpatient clinics of AI Jazira Clinic in AI Khobar, Saudi Arabia suffering from community aquired infections.. These strains were tested for Beta-lactamase production and for susceptibility to some, commonly prescribed antibiotics [penicillin, Broad spectrum penicillins and cephalosoprins] Beta-ladamase production was demonstrated in 76.8% of total isolates [In 86.5% in coagulase positive staph., 45% in coagulase negative staph., 60% in Branhamella catarrhalis, 83.5% in E. coli, 73.3% in Klebsiella pneumoniae and 63.3% in proteus sp.] Antibiotic resistance was shown in 85% of isolates to penicillin, 71% to ampicillin, 63% to amoxycillin 33.5% to Amoxycillin/Clavulenic acid, 40% to cephradine, 45.5% to cephalexin and 52.5% to cefaclor. These results show significant prevalence of Beta-lactamase producers among common pathogens and also marked resistance to the popular commonly prescribed Beta-Iactam antibiotics. We recommend that prescribiting antibiotics should be based on etiological, ecological knowledge as well as pharmacokinetics, and that testing of any bacterial isolate of Beta. lactamase production should be part of clinical laboratory sensitivity testing

Throat and Nasal carriers of toxigenic and Non-Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae among food handlers A six month study

This study was carried out in AI JAZIRA POLYCLINIC, Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia between April and October 1991. Food handlers were included in this study from whome throat and nasal swabs were cultured of toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae. Results showed that 11 food handlers were throat carriers of toxigenic strains [1.2%] while 6 food handlers were nasal carriers of toxigenic strains [0.66%]. Of those food handler, two harbouring the toxigenic C. diphtheriae both in their noses and throats. So, the total number of carriers of toxigenic strains was 15 [1.6%]. On the other hand, 13 food handlers harbourd non-toxigenic C. diptheriae in their throats[1.4%] compared to 9 nasal earners of non-toxigenic strains [0.99%] Total number of carriers of non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae was 22 [2.4%]