Studies on some factors affecting metacercarial inefctions in African sharp-tooth catfish [claris gariepinus] in Assiut Governorate

This work aims to study the effect of some environmental and biological factors on spread encysted metacorcarse [EMC] in catfish [Claris gariepinus] at Assuit, Egypt. Out of 240 African carfish were examined, the total prevalence of encysted metacercarie was 56.3%. The high prevalence was observed in young fish [<300 gm] with prevalence 59.2 and, while the highest infection rate was recorded in lengths [25-35 cm.] at a rate of 62.3%. the maximum infestation rate was appeared In summer [78.3%], while the lowest one was detected in spring [36.7%]. Males had slightly higher prevlance rate [57.5%] than females [54.9%]. Two types of E.M.C were detected in present work: Cynodipiostonum E.M.C. [macroscopic cyts]. Prohemistomum E.M.C. [microscopic cyst]. Cynodipiostonum E.M.C. was detected in muscular tissue only and their prevalence was 2.5%. while Prohemistomum E.M.C. was detected in muscular tissue, liver, kidney and gills of examined fish and their prevalence was 53.8%, 26.2%, 9.2% and 7.5% respectively. Present study reflects the sensitivity of different metacercariae in infection in African catfish the factors tested

Pollution of drinking water with coliform a pilot study

This study was carried out on 200 water samples, 100 samples collected from Aga [Dakahilia Governorate] which represent the cholorinated water, the other 100 samples collected form Minet Samanoud Village [Gharbia Governorate] which represent the underground water. Out of 100 chlorinated water samples, 10 samples [10%] were poluted. The pollution with typical coliform represented In 2 samples [2%] while 8% non faecal coliform [atypical]. Pollution with coliform bacilli in the underground water was 42% out of 100 water samples, 30 samples [30%] were polluted with typical coliform bacilli while 12 samples [12%] were polluted with atypical type. Water samples were colIected by special method from different sites. All samples were subjected to comprehensive bacteriological study including routine tests for faecal pollution as plate count, presumptive coliform count [MPN] and differential coliform test Including Eijkman test and citrate utilisation test. Our work intended to evaluate the system of purification and control of water to reduce the rate of pollution. From this study, it can be concluded that Pollution with typical coliform bacilli was heavily in the underground water. We also recommend continouous and frequent cleaning of storage tanks and sahreigs which may be responsible for pollution

Comparative study of plant extracts Nigella sativa [Black seed] and Ukraine with Antiviral drug: on DNA and RNA Viruses

Studies were conducted to determine the antiviral activities of synthetic [Troamantadine hydrochloride] and a plant extracts [a commonly used oil extract of Nigella satsiva. and Ukrain] on Herpes simplex virus type-l [DNA] and Polio virus type-l [RNA] virus and this required the determination of the toxicity level of these substances on cell culture and detection of the antiviral activity on tissue culture [Vero cells]. Data indicated that Ukrain is effective on Polio virus because it has significant value as antiviral agent after adsorption on vero cells, but Nigella has a virucidal effect on polio virus. At the same time, Nigella and Troamantadine have a virucidal effect on Herpes virus, but the Troamantadine hydrochloride gave a significant effect as antiviral agent after adsorption of Herpes virus [extra cellular and intra cellular]

effect of Nigella sativa [black seed] on the B cell function of balb/C mice

The genus Nigella includes many species [N. sativa L., N. arensis L., N. assyriace Boiss., N. deserti Boiss., N. hispanica L., and N. damascena L., amongst which only N. sativa L. is known to be indogenous and grows well in different localities of Egypt. This species is known to have considerable therapeutic values. The immunological effect of this seed on the immune system was studied by testing the B cell function of BALB/C mice after their feeding on the seed for two weeks. The test was performed by the method of plaque assay using Cunningham and Szenberg slides. The results was so encouraging because it revealed a four fold increase in the mean number of plaques in mice fed on the seeds [80 plaques per 10 lymphocytes] while those not fed on the seeds [i.e.] control group showed only 20 plaques per 10 lymphocytes