ABSTRACT
Processing conditions affect sensitometric properties of X-ray films. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the sensitometric characteristics of InSight [IP], a new F-speed film, in fresh and used processing solutions in dental office condition and compare them with Ektaspeed Plus [EP]. In this experimental in vitro study, an aluminum step wedge was used to construct characteristic curves for InSight and Ektaspeed Plus films [Kodak Eastman, Rochester, USA], All films were processed in Champion solution [X-ray Iran, Tehran, Iran] both manually and automatically in a period of six days. Unexposed films of both types were processed manually and automatically to determine base plus fog density. Speed and film contrast were measured according to ISO definition. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and T tests with P<0.05 as the level of significance. IP was 20 to 22% faster than EP and showed to be an F-speed film when processed in automatic condition and E-F film where processed manually. Also it was F-speed film when processed in automatic condition and E-F film when processed manually. Also it was F-speed in fresh solutions and E-speed in old solution. IP and EP contrasts were similar in automatic processing but EF contrast was higher when processed manually. Both EP and IP films had standard values of base plus fog [<0.35] and B+F densities were decreased in old solution. Based on the results of this study, InSight is a F-speed film with a speed of at least 20% greater than Ektaspeed. In addition, it reduces patient exposure with no damage to image quality
Subject(s)
X-Ray Film , Image EnhancementABSTRACT
Stereology is a branch of applied mathematics that by using the two dimensional observations of different tissue parts in the microscopical and macroscopical level quantitatively and in three-dimensional have been studied. As the electromagnetic field like ionization radiants have high energy, using of these fields because of producing free radical can cause destructive effects. In recent years, the effects of this field have been studied on the different parts of body. In this study, 12 male Wistar rats were selected randomly and divided into two groups. The experimental group was exposed to 0.1 m Tesla [6 hour daily for 30 days] magnetic field. After treatment, all animals were anesthesized by diethyl ether and the prostate was removed and immersed in fixative solution and embedded in agar solution. After that other steps necessary for this study performed. Then Cavalieri principle was used to determine the allocated volumes. The total volume of the prostate in the control and test groups was 140.6300 and 160.7567 mm[3], respectively. The volume of glandular portion in control and test groups was 102.5700 and 119.0417 mm[3], while the volume of nonglandular portions was 37.7400 and 41.8250 mm[3], respectively. On the other hand the total weight of the prostate in the control and test groups were 0.3200 mg and 0.3917 mg, respectively. This study showed that electromagnetic field as prescribed in this study had no effect on prostatic volumes of rats