ABSTRACT
It is commonly acknowledged that the most safe and method of choice anesthesia in birds is inhalation anesthesia but in some clinical situations, such as tracheal resection, injectable anesthetic agents are the only choice of surgeons regardless of whether or not an anesthesia machine is available. This study aimed to compare the quality of anesthesia and recovery time of isoflurane and propofol in domestic pigeons. Twenty pigeons [Columba livia domesticus], weighing 302.5 +/- 37.95g [Mean +/- SD] were randomly allocated to two groups often. One group was anesthetized by isoflurane [Iso-group], and the anesthesia lasted for 30 minutes. The other group received 14 mg/kg of propofol [1%] at constant rate [CRI] through basilica [wing] vein catheter to induce anesthesia [Pro-group]. 1.33 mg/kg per min of propofol was infused to keep pigeons anesthetized for 30 minutes, using an injection pump. Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and percentage of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin [SpO2%] were recorded in all three phases including before induction of anesthesia, during anesthesia at minutes 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30, and after recovery time in both groups. Anesthesia caused significant effects on respiratory rate, heart rate, and SpO2% [p<0.05]. Recovery times in both groups were significantly different [longer in propofol group]. Our findings revealed that the pigeons anesthetized with isoflurane have a soft and fast anesthesia; however, the pigeons were anesthetized with propofol, had a rough induction that was not uniform for all pigeons. Isoflurane showed that it is safer than propofol to anesthetize pigeons
ABSTRACT
Alveolar echinococcosis [AE], which is caused by ingestion of eggs of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, is the most potentially lethal parasitic infection because of its tendency to invade and proliferate in the liver and the difficulty in treatment. This article describes a case of alveolar echinococcosis found in Ateles geoffroyi in Mashhad, Iran. The cysts were characterized as an alveolar structure, composed of numerous small vesicles in liver, abdominal cavity, retroperitoneum and lungs. A characteristic feature of these vesicles was its exogenous tumor-like proliferation. These cysts were filled with numerous protoscoleces suggesting a potential role of this monkey in cycle of transmission. Up to now, this is probably the first report of alveolar echinococcosis in A. geoffroyi in the world
ABSTRACT
Third-degree perineal lacerations in 7 mares were repaired surgically by a one-stage method [Goetz technique]. Primary healing occurred in all of them without any complication. The conception rate obtained after surgery was 70.1%. Five horses out of seven got pregnant after surgery and no further injury was seen at subsequent foaling. Three mares have produced several healthy foals without any subsequent injury. According to the results of the present study, single-stage surgical repair of third-degree perineal laceration [Goetz technique] appeared to have a good prognosis for subsequent fertility in mares