ABSTRACT
Iron Deficiency Anemia is the most common cause of anemia in children and one of the health threatening problems in all of the world. The high prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and its effect on the growth retardation suggests more prophylactic methods. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of early iron supplementation on incidence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in term infants. This experimental .study was done on 4-months-old term breast-fed infants referred to the primary health care services for vaccination, without any underline disease or growth retardation or history of hospitalization. 60 infants selected and were divided randomly to two groups [n=30 in each] and a questionnaire was completed for each case. Two groups were matched for gender [kappa[2] [1]=1.714; P-value=0.19].Iron drop [2mg/kg] was given in the interventional group. Iron deficiency anemia was assessed in all 6-months-old infants. T-student test and chi-square were used to analyze the independent variables and comparing the hematologic indices, after entering in SPSS-13 software and testing the normal distribution with komologrof-smearnoff test. Relative risk index [RR] was used to compare the two groups. A p-value less than 0/05 were considered as Significant. The relative risk of iron deficiency anemia in the interventional group was 0.34 folds [RR=0.333, CI%95 for RR= [0.179, 0.620]]. Significant difference was seen between the two groups [p<0.001]. According to the effectiveness of earlier iron supplementation for prophylaxis of iron deficiency anemia in term infants; we suggest it in all cases
Subject(s)
Humans , Iron , InfantABSTRACT
Background and purpose: Preeclampsia is one of the hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, with extraordinary significance in maternal and fetal health, which is the most important maternal mortality cause in developing couutries [20% to 80%]. Ethnicity is also one of the factors in preclampsia. Therefore, due to the high prevalence of preeclampsia in Dezyani Center in Gorgan, Iran [5.7%] and co-existence of various ethnic residents, the present study was designed to determine the effect of ethnicity on the incidence of preeclampsia
Methods and materials: This case-control study involued the population of pregnant women admitted in Dezyani center, Iran. Cases and controls were homogeneous as far as employment, marital status, spouse's job, residential location, gravidity and maternal age were concerred. Cases with preeclampsia symptoms were purposively selected. In total, 500 subjects [250 cases and 250 controls] participated in the study. Questionnaires were filled out via interview, and checklists were completed on the basis of laboratory tests of blood and urine. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using Chi-square, t-test and Mann Whitney U test
Results: In cases of urinary infection, probability of preeclampsia increased 1.77 times [CI=95%, odds ratio=1.77] which did not relate to cases' ethnicity. However, if urinary infection is excluded, preeclampsia can be related to ethnicity
Conclusion: The results indicated that Turkmen and Sistani ethnic groups were predisposed to preeclamps
ABSTRACT
Transurethral resection of prostate [TUR-P] is the Gold standard therapy in benign prostatic hypertrophy [BPH]. Urinary tract infections are one of the most important complications of this method. Prophylactic antibiotic regimen and the duration in preventing the infections are controversial. This study was designed to compare three different prophylactic regimens in TUR-P. In this interventional study, patients with sterile urine analysis and culture prior to TUR-P were classified into three groups [A, B and C]. One single-dose Keflin was prescribed before the operation. Four additional doses of Keflin were given to group B patients after TUR-P. Group C was similar to group B but Ciprofloxacin was given to them until catheter removal. Data were analyzed with SPSS-11.5. chi[2]test and ANOVA were used. P-value less than 0.05 considered significant. The incidence of positive urine cultures in group A, B and C were 35%, 20% and 11.5%, respectively. No significant relationship was seen between UTI and antibiotic regiments. There was not any significant relationship between UTI and different regimens; although UTI rate was lower in the group with longer duration of the prophylaxis. Complementary studies are suggested for application of this regimen
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Nowadays epidemiologic paterns of the diseases are verifying rapidly; noncontagious diseases like mental disorders are replacing contagious one. Several people, unaware of their psychiatric problems seek medical advise and treating. College students are susceptible to mental disorders because of their conditions. This research was done to evaluate mental health state in students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences. 218 students of Golestan University took part in this research. SCL-90-R was the test for evaluation, after collecting the questionnaires and entering into SPSS-10 software, data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher-exact test. The momental prevalence was estimated 72%. 157 persons had disorder, at least in one dimension, and 16 persons [7.34%] had severe disorder at least in one. Marriage and psychosis, paranoid and anxiety had meaningful relations [P<0.05], residential site and paranoid had meaningful relations [P<0.05], higher levels of father's education and interpersonal sensitivity had meaningful relation [P<0.05], Family history of mental disorders, moderate interest in education, field of study and phobia had meaningful relationships [P<0.05], females had higher scores in depression [P<0.05]. According to this high prevelence of mental disorders it seems that mental health's problem is critically high in this region, much more attention should be paid to prevent further complications