Phytochemical and biological study of petrea volubilis L. [verbenaceae]

Petrea volubilis L. was studied for its secondary metabolites and biological activities. The phytochemical screening of dried aerial parts revealed the presence of different constituents such as unsaturated sterols, triter pens, and flavonoids. The biological activities of the total extract and different fractions were evaluated in a series of bioassays [antioxidant, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and antibacterial], the majority of them showed significant activities in the applied test systems. Extensive purification of the ethyl acetate extract led to isolation of apigenin [1], quercetin [2], 4, 6-dimethylscutellarien [3], hypogallic acid [3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid] [4], trans-caffeic acid [5] vanillic acid [6] and acteoside [7]. The structure elucidation of 1-7, was carried out by [1]H-NMR, UV and MS analyses

Alkaloids of Murray erotica L [Rutaceae] Cultivated in Egypt

Three alkaloids were isolated from the air-dried powdered leaves of Murraya exotica L. [Rutaceae], two of them; namely, murrayacarine and koeinoline were isolated for the first time from the plant, while the third alkaloid, koenimbine, was previously reported. The identification was based on physical, chemical and spectral studies including UV, IR, H-NMR and MS analyses

Flavonol Glycosides from leaves of salvia africana beneath

Four known flavonol glycosides viz. isorhamnetin-3-0-beta-D-galactoside, kaempferol-3-0-robinobioside, isorhamnetin-3-0-[2G-rhamnosylrutinoside] and kaempferol-3-0-[2G-rhamnosylrutinoside] in addition to isorhamnetin and kaempferol have been isolated from the leaves of Salvia farinacea Benth. [F. Labiatae]. The structures of the isolated compounds were principally deduced by physical and chromatographic characters as well as spectroscopic analysis [H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FAB-MS and EI-MS]

Tumour markers [CA 19-9, CA50, CEA] versus other diagnostic procedures in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumours

44 patients are studied in the period from January 1988 till January 1991, 30 patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 14 control patients. The right diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma [i.e. sensitivity] is suggested in 50% of cases by ultrasonography, in 95% of cases by CT and in 75% of the examined cases by ERCP. Of the studied tumour markers, CA 19-9 was the most accurate with sensitivity = 83.3% and specificity = 75.5% and very high diagnostic accuracy as showed by the ROC curve. Also CA 19-9 proved to be highly significant [P<0.00l] for the differentiation between benign and malignant pancreatic cases. When the simplicity and safety are added, one should strongly recommend the use of tumour markers as initial and complimentary investigation to the other modlities used in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumours especially CT