Incidence of some enterotoxigenic food poisoning microorganisms in chicken meat products

Forty - five packaged random samples of cooked and half cooked chicken meat products represented by chicken shawarma, fillet and wings [15 for each] were collected from different retail markets in Cairo and Giza. The incidence of S. aureus, E. coli and C. perfringens in fillet was 26.66%, 20%, 26.66%, respectively, while equals 0.0%, 13.33%, 20%, in shawarma, respectively. The incidence in wings reaches to 13.33%, 20%, 6.66%, respectively. Six number of S. aureus strains were isolated from fillet and wings examined for enterotoxin production and revealed that only one strain isolated from wings had the ability to produce enterotoxin types A, B, C and D [multiproducer]. While S.aureus failed to be isolated from shawarma. Concerning C. perfringens 5 toxigenic strains classified as 3 C. perfringens type A and 2 C. perfringens type D, while 3 strains were non- toxigenic. For E. coli the serological typing revealed 8 untypable strains which were not enterotoxigenic

Neuronal migration disorders: clinical, neuroimaging and neurophysiologic studies

Impaired neuronal migration is the basis of many cerebral malformations presenting with mental retardation, epilepsy and motor impairment. We aimed at correlating clinico-radiological presentations and findings of neuro-physiological studies in neuronal migration disorders. This study included 13 child, with mean age 22.6 months, from 12 families presented mainly with developmental delay and diagnosed by CT and MRI as neuronal migration disorders. Neurophysiologic studies including EEG and multi-modality evoked potentials, namely VEP and BAEP were performed. According to neuroimaging findings, lissencephaly was the commonest diagnosis [n=9], followed by unilateral open lip schizencephaly [n=2], periventricular heterotopia [n=1] and hemimegalencephaly [n=1]. Positive family history of similar cases was recorded in 3 families, all had lissencephaly. Abnormal EEG changes were observed in 12 patients [92.3%]; only 10 patients had epilepsy. EEG records were normal in a single patient with periventricular heterotopia. VEP was abnormal in 10 patients [76%] and BAEP was abnormal in 12 patients [92.3%]. Both VEP and BAEP were in the form of ill defined waves in patients with microlissencephaly. Asymmetry of BAEP between right and left side was detected in 3 cases; two of them had' unilateral disorders: hemimegalencephaly [n=1], and unilateral open lip schizencephaly [n=1] and the third had bilateral asymmetric periventricular nodular heterotopia. In conclusion, this study documented the frequent association of cortical and brain stem dysfunction with neuronal migration disorders. It also implied that the type of neuronal migration defect might influence the severity or symmetry of neurophysiologic studies results. Proper assessment of these cases clinically and by neuroimaging and neurophysiologic studies, advances our understanding thus genetic counseling of neuronal migration disorders

Premarital genetic investigations: effect of genetic counselling

Over a period of 2 years, 86 couples [172 cases] were referred to the genetics clinic of the National Research Centre for premarital genetic counselling. About 73.25% had a family history of different genetic disorders. Consanguinity was found in 86.04%. Genetic investigations revealed chromosomal abnormalities in 26 cases [15.11%]; 23 cases [13.37%] had other abnormal results. After genetic counselling, postconceptional follow-up was carried out for 30 couples; 10 of them required amniocentesis that showed abnormal fetuses in 2 mothers. Other couples had normal offspring. We conclude that premarital genetic counselling is of great use in the detection of genetic disorders and is an essential step in changing attitudes towards premarital testing and reducing consanguineous marriage

Distribution of connective tissue fibers and intraepithelial granular cells in the duct system of major salivary glands in dog

Much attention was given to the structural and functional peculiarities of the different salivary glands because of its biological and multifunctional role in the digestive process. Five adult intact male dogs were used to study the distribution of the connective tissue fibers around the duct system of major salivary glands to clarify the presence of intraepithelial granular cells and to correlate these alterations with functions. The intralobular ducts were surrounded by different types of connective tissue fibers which showed the same arrangement and connected to each other. These fibers were adjacent to the duct epithelium in both parotid and sublingual glands, while these fibers were separated by a wide gap in the submandibular gland. Intraepithelial granular cells were mostly seen located within the walls of intralobular ducts of parotid gland adjacent to the basal lamina of the duct epithelium but did not appear clearly in the submandibular and sublingual glands. These granular cells possibly had a complementary role in the cell mediated immunoprotection. It appeared to be a basic correlation between different physical stimuli and structural arrangement of salivary glands declaring its biological and multifunctional role in the digestive process