Discrimination of patients with Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome using 1H NMR metabonomics and partial least square analysis / 药学学报

1H NMR metabonomics approach was used to reveal the chemical difference of urine between patients with Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome (XCHTS) and healthy participants (HP). The partial least square method was used to establish a model to distinguish the patients with Xiao-Chaihu-Tang syndrome from the healthy controls. Thirty-four endogenous metabolites were identified in the 1H NMR spectrum, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed the urine of patients with Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome and healthy participants could be separated clearly. It is indicated that the metabolic profiling of patients with Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome was changed obviously. Fifteen metabolites were found by S-pot of OPLS-DA and VIP value. The contents of leucine, formic acid, glycine, hippuric acid and uracil increased in the urine of patients, while threonine, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, acetamide, 2-oxoglutarate, citric acid, dimethylamine, malonic acid, betaine, trimethylamine oxide, phenylacetyl glycine, and uridine decreased. These metabolites involve the intestinal microbial balance, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways, which is related with the major symptom of Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome. The patients with Xiao-Chaihu Tang syndrome could be identified and predicted correctly using the established partial least squares model. This study could be served as the basis for the accurate diagnostic and reasonable administration of Xiao-Chaihu-Tang syndrome.

Comparison of chemical composition between raw and vinegar-baked Paeoniae Radix Alba using NMR based metabolomic approach / 药学学报

To compare the chemical change of Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) after vinegar-baking processing, as well as the effect of vinegar types exerted on the processing, 1H NMR-based metabolomic approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to investigate the different metabolites between the raw and two vinegar-baked PRA. More than thirty metabolites were identified in the 1H NMR spectrum of PRA, and the multivariate statistical analysis showed that raw and two vinegar-baked PRA could be separated obviously. After vinegar-baking, the contents of isoleucine, lactate, alanine, arginine, albiflorin, and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) elevated, while those of sucrose, paeoniflorin and its analogues (calculated by benzoate) decreased. The chemical compositions of two vinegar-baked PRA were also different. Shanxi vinegar- baked PRA showed higher levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, and albiflorin, while rice vinegar-baked PRA contained more sucrose and paeoniflorin's analogues (calculated by benzoate). And the chemical changes in Shanxi vinegar-baked PRA were greater than those of rice vinegar-baked PRA. The results revealed the chemical differences between raw and vinegar-baked PRA, as well as the influence of vinegar type on processing, in a holistic manner, the results obtained suggested that the correlations between the chemical change and the drug action after processing, as well as the vinegar type used in processing, should be further studied.

Comparation on effect between Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and Coptis Rhizoma on organism metabolism in mice / 中草药

Objective: To compare the effect of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (HB) and Coptis Rhizoma (HL) on organism metabolism in mice and explore the regulation of both HB and HL on the endogenous metabolism in mice. Methods: 1H-NMR, based on metabolomic approach coupled with multivariate statistical analysis method, was used to investigate the intervention differences between HB and HL on endogenous metabolites in the serum and liver of normal mice after drug administration. Results: The changes of organism endogenous metabolites in both HB and HL treated groups were similar, but the differences also existed. Compared with the control group, the levels of 3-HB, NAG, glycerin, choline, α-glucose,and β-glucose in serum and those of glutamate, glycogen, adenosine, GSSG, betaine, and other metabolites in liver were changed in the two drug treated groups in a different change range. These changes of endogenous metabolites involved in glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, and other pathways. Conclusion: This study provides a scientific basis for the comparative analysis of drug function between HB and HL, which has both the similarities and differences.

Comparison on chemical constituents between Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix using NMR based metabolomic approach / 中草药

Objective: To compare the chemical constituents of Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix, and to provide a basis for quality evaluation. Methods: NMR-based metabolomic approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to investigate the differential metabolites between Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix. Results: Thirty-two metabolites were identified in the 1H-NMR spectra, and the multivariate statistical analysis showed that Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix could be separated clearly. Paeoniae Alba Radix contained more arginine, threonine, acetic acid, aspartic acid, glutamine, GABA, citric acid, succinate, lactate, albiflorin, 6-O-galloyl albiflorin, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentagalloyglucose, and gallic acid, while Paeoniae Rubra Radix contained more alanine, α-glucose, sucrose, paeoniflorin, catechin, β-sitosterol, fatty acid, and paeonol. In addition, the Pearson correlations between differential metabolites of Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix also showed apparent differences. Conclusion: The results reveal the chemical differences between Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix in a holistic way, and provide a scientific basis for assessing the quality of Paeoniae Alba Radix and Paeoniae Rubra Radix, as well as the correlations between the chemical constituents and pharmacological efficacy.