ABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é comparar as condições de vida, trabalho e saúde, com ênfase na saúde mental, de trabalhadores do serviço de limpeza (SL) hospitalar terceirizados da Espanha e do Brasil. Pesquisa quantitativa, transversal realizada em dois hospitais gerais, públicos, sendo um numa cidade no centro-oeste paulista e o outro em uma a sudoeste da Península Ibérica. Foram entrevistados 78 trabalhadores do hospital brasileiro e 39 do espanhol, utilizando-se de um roteiro com dados das condições de vida, de saúde e de trabalho, incluindo alguns questionários já validados como Job Content Questionnaire e o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Os trabalhadores espanhóis são mais velhos, de cor branca e com renda familiar maior, apresentam escores do SRQ-20 menores em todas as dimensões. Eles fumam mais, têm maior déficit de visão e alergias, trabalham há mais tempo na mesma atividade, com carga horária menor e não contam com dois empregos. Além disso, quase quarenta por cento deles consideram ter autonomia no trabalho. Trabalhadores brasileiros se encontram em condições de vida, trabalho e saúde mental mais precarizadas. Alguns aspectos das condições de saúde foram piores entre os espanhóis, o que provavelmente pode ter ocorrido devido a idade mais avançada dos mesmos.
Abstract Objective: To compare living, work and health conditions, with a particular interest in the mental health of Brazilian and Spanish outsourced hospital cleaning workers. Method: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative investigation carried out in two public general hospitals, one in the Brazilian Midwest region of São Paulo and the other in the Southwest region of the Iberian Peninsula. In total, 78 Brazilian hospital workers and 39 Spanish hospital workers were interviewed using a script with data on the living conditions, including some validated questionnaires such as the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results: Spanish workers are older, white and with a higher household income, with lower SRQ scores in all realms. Also, they smoke more, have a higher level of visual impairment and allergies, have been working in the same activity longer, with a lower workload and do not hold two jobs. Besides, almost 40% of them consider that their work is autonomous. Conclusions: Brazilian workers are subject to more impoverished living, working and mental health conditions than Spanish workers. Only a few aspects of health conditions were worse among Spanish workers, which may probably be related to their advanced age.
Subject(s)
Humans , Mental Health , Hospitals , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Introducción: Dentro de la Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología de la Universidad de Sevilla hemos puesto en marcha, por primera vez, una Jornada que incluye el Plan de Acogida al alumnado de nuevo. El objetivo principal de este estudio es evaluar el Plan de Acogida organizado por el Centro Universitario, con el fin de detectar las debilidades y fortalezas del mismo. Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, trasversal, cuantitativo, observacional y comparativo. La muestra quedó constituida por 205 alumnos de nuevo ingreso de dicha Facultad. El instrumento utilizado es una encuesta de elaboración propia que tiene 22 ítems. Dichos ítems constan de una gradación (tipo likert) del 1 al 5. Para el análisis de datos se empleó el paquete estadístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versión 17.0 para Windows. Resultados: Obtuvimos una puntuación media de 4.22 con una desviación típica de 0.67 respecto a la comprensión de la información de la Facultad por parte de la muestra. La satisfacción general de las Jornadas de acogida, obtuvo una puntuación media de 4.39 con una desviación típica de 0.73. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se evidencia una mayor tendencia al ingreso desde la Formación Profesional en el Grado de Podología, un 9.04% y 5.32% que accede por Selectividad. Con los datos obtenidos, extraemos que el índice de satisfacción obtenido en nuestras jornadas, superan las realizadas en otras Universidades. La evaluación de la satisfacción por parte de los alumnos de nuevo ingreso en la Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología de la Universidad de Sevilla, ha resultado ser una experiencia muy positiva, por lo que sería recomendable llevar a cabo el Plan de Acogida en cursos venideros.
Introduction: Within the Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Sevilla have launched for the first time, a journey that includes plans for welcoming new students. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the Plan Reception hosted by the University Center, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of it. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, observational and comparative. The sample was constituted by 205 new students of the Faculty. The instrument used is a survey made on the premises who is 22 items. These items consist of a graded (Likert) of 1 to 5. For data analysis we used the statistical package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 for Windows. Results: We obtained an average score of 4.22 with a standard deviation of 0.67 compared to the understanding of the information in the Faculty by the sample. Overall satisfaction of the conference host, got an average score of 4.39 with a standard deviation of 0.73. Discussion and Conclusions: The trend shows increasing revenue from vocational training in the degree of Podiatry, 9.04% versus 5.32% for accessing selectivity. With the data obtained, we extract the index of satisfaction obtained in our days, than those in other universities. Assessing the satisfaction of the new students at the School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, has proved a very positive experience, it would be advisable to conduct the courses Reception Plan come.