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Rev. salud pública ; 19(5): 679-685, sep.-oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-962056

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Determinar el nivel de alfabetización sanitaria en pacientes de consultorio externo de Medicina Interna de un Hospital Nacional de Lima-Perú en marzo del 2014, determinando factores asociados para una inadecuada alfabetización sanitaria. Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo. Se utilizó el Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish Adults (SAHLSA-50) previa validación cultural parcial: Opinión de expertos y medición del coeficiente de correlación. Posteriormente se aplicó en una muestra de 363 pacientes seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple sistematizado. Resultados Para la validación cultural parcial se modificaron 17 ítems del test original y se obtuvo el coeficiente de Pearson r=0,81. Luego de la validación cultural se aplicó el test, obteniéndose: 73,3 % mujeres, el 14,0% adultos mayores. El 52,6 % tuvo grado de instrucción secundaria. El 35,3 % están afiliados al Seguro Integral de Salud. El 15,20 % no acudió a un establecimiento de salud durante el último año. Las variables: adulto mayor, menor grado de instrucción, tener cobertura de Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) y menor número de visitas a un establecimiento de salud en el último año tienen asociación significativa respecto a un inadecuado nivel de alfabetización sanitaria (p<0.05). Conclusiones El 34,4 % de pacientes que acudieron a consultorio externo de Medicina Interna del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza tuvieron una inadecuada alfabetización sanitaria. Variables como: adulto mayor, menor grado de instrucción, tener cobertura de SIS y no acudir a un establecimiento de salud en el último año tienen asociación significativa respecto a una inadecuada alfabetización sanitaria.(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective To determine health literacy in patients attending the Outpatient Internal Medicine Service of a national hospital of Lima, Peru, in March 2014 in order to establish factors associated with inadequate health literacy. Materials and Methods Descriptive study. The Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish Adults (SAHLSA-50) was used after partial cultural validation. Expert opinion and measurement of the correlation coefficient were considered. Subsequently, the test was applied in a sample of 363 patients selected by simple systematic random sampling. Results For partial cultural validation, 17 items of the original test were modified and a Pearson correlation coefficient of r=0.81 was obtained. After cultural validation, the test was applied, finding that 73.3 % were women, 14.0 % were seniors, and 52.6 % completed high school. Furthermore, 35.3 % were affiliated to health insurance subsidized by the government (Comprehensive Health Insurance or SIS by its acronym in Spanish). 15.20 % did not use any health service during the past year and 34.4 % had inadequate health literacy. Variables such as senior age, poor education, SIS insurance and fewer visits to health services within the past year have a significant association with inadequate levels of health literacy (p<0.05). Conclusions One third of patients attending the Outpatient Internal Medicine Service of the Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza had inadequate health literacy. Variables such as senior age, poor education, SIS insurance and fewer visits to health services within the past year have a significant association with inadequate levels of health literacy.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Physicians' Offices , Health Literacy , Internal Medicine , Peru , Epidemiology, Descriptive
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