ABSTRACT
Background: Myocardial infarction which is an outcome measure in clinical trials, observational studies and quality assurance program have several conventional risk factors which include older age, hypertension, diabetes, decreased physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, abdominal obesity, highrisk diet, psychological stress. Hypomagnesemia and means platelet volume is now recognized as a significant risk factor for atherogenesis, and thus for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary vasospasm, sudden cardiac death, cerebrovascular accident, and myocardial infarction. The aim of the study: To determining the relationship between serum Magnesium levels on platelet reactivity in Acute Myocardial infarction. Therefore in this study, we attempted to find the impact of serum Magnesium level on the Mean Platelet Volume and the use of these parameters as novel biomarkers to predict AMI. Materials and methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Govt. Royapettah Hospital/ Kilpauk Medical College. Totally 88 Acute Myocardial Infarction patients (for the estimated prevalence of 30.36% in urban Indian population) admitted in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit between July to October 2015 and 88 age and sex-matched apparently normal individuals were included. Fasting venous peripheral blood samples were drawn within 48 hours of admission. Blood samples were taken into standardized trisodium citrate tubes (stored at room N. Jayaprakash, V. Madhavan, Aswanaa Kamanuru Govindarajulu. Serum magnesium levels and mean platelet volume (MPV) as biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction. IAIM, 2019; 6(4): 1-8. Page 2 temperature) and a sterile vacutainer which was serum separated, aliquoted into 2 Eppendorf’s and stored at minus 20 º C until further analysis. Results: Both the Systolic and Diastolic Blood pressure was significantly elevated in the cases (p= 0.000) which was statistically significant. The Fasting Blood Glucose levels were raised in AMI patients (p=0.001) although only 38.6% were known Diabetics. Urea levels were increased in cases (p=0.007) which was significant. The serum magnesium values were significantly lower in AMI patients in comparison to the normal individuals (p= 0.000) and the Mean Platelet Volume was significantly elevated in the cases than the control (p=0.004). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that Magnesium levels were reduced in AMI patients and that Mean platelet Volume was elevated in AMI patients however a cause-effect relationship between the two parameters was not established. However, we propose that MPV and Magnesium may be useful biomarkers in identifying patients with increased risk for AMI. Further, a cohort study design including all the confounding variables can better address their relationship and role as adjuvant biomarkers in the diagnosis of AMI.
ABSTRACT
Rhyncosia beddomei Baker commonly known as Adavi-kandi, Vendiaku in Telugu belongs to the family Fabaceae.In the present study, the methanolic extract of Rhyncosia beddomei leaves was evaluated for its hepatoprotective effect against CCl4 induced hepatic injury in rats. Alteration in the levels of biochemical markers of hepatic damage like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, triglycerides, bilirubin, total proteins and liver weight were tested in both treated and untreated groups. CCl4 (1ml/kg) enhanced the SGPT, SGOT, ALP, triglycerides, liver weight and reduced total proteins significantly. Treatment with methanolic extract of Rhyncosia beddomei leaves (200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) has brought back the altered levels of altered levels of biochemical markers significantly to the near normal levels in the dose dependant manner. Histopathological studies supported the hepatoprotective activity of Rhyncosia beddomei Baker.
ABSTRACT
Drug design is a process which begins with a compound that displays an interesting biological profile and ends with optimizing both the activity profile for the molecule. The process is initiated when the chemist conceives a hypothesis which relates the chemical features of the molecule (or series of molecules) to the biological activity. Study of Quantitative structural activity relationships (QSAR) is an important aspect of computational chemistry for optimizing the structural features to obtain better activity. Present research work focuses on in-silico drug design studies of novel indole derivatives containing pteridine and benzimidazole moieties. These studies include QSAR (Quantitative structure activity relationship) and QSTR (Quantitative Structure Toxicity Relationship) and are carried out using different software’s namely DS Viewer Pro suite, Accord for Excel (v6.1) and TOPKAT (v6.2). All the software’s were obtained from Accelrys Discovery studio. In-silico pharmacokinetic studies implied that these derivatives had no CYP4502D6 inhibitions, no BBB penetration and good oral absorptions. QSTR (Quantitative Structure Toxicity Relationship) studies by using TOPKAT (v6.1) in various computational animal models showed high LD50 values and the compounds are found to be noncarcenogenic.
ABSTRACT
We performed a prospective study to determine the accuracy of core needle biopsy in the diagnosis and grading of soft tissue tumours and to study the morbidity of core needle biopsy. Forty one cases of soft tissue tumours, 24 of them malignant and 17 benign, were biopsied with an 18G core needle. Core needle biopsy reports were compared with the final histopathological report after definitive procedure or incisional biopsy. 85.3% of core biopsies yielded adequate sample. Core needle biopsy had a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 88.23%. Overall accuracy for diagnosis of malignancy was 94.28%, 77.7% of tumours were correctly subtyped and none of them were histologically graded. There was no immediate complication of haemorrhage in any of the cases. Thus, we conclude that core needle biopsy is equivalent to incisional biopsy in diagnostic accuracy and being simple, less expensive and unlikely to compromise further management, can be used in place of open biopsy of soft tissue tumours.