ABSTRACT
Background: Among all types of accidents, those caused by motor vehicles claim the largest toll of life and tend to be most serious, road traffic accidents (RTA) continues to be growing menace incurring heavy loss of valuable man –power, along with corresponding drain of potential economic growth of country. Objective: Present study was taken up with the aim to assess the Socio demographic distribution of road traffic accidents and the pattern of craniofacial injuries occurred in RTA. Materials and Methods: A Descriptive Cross sectional study was conducted on the post mortems of RTA cases. Convenient purposive sampling technique was applied to select the sample of 113 road traffic accident autopsies. Results: Majority of the victims aged between 21 to 40 years (50.44%), most of the victims were males 104 (92.0%), and Hindus 102 (90.27%). More crashes 42 (37.17%) took place between 6:00 PM to 12:00 PM on weekends 62 (54.87%) at city cross roads 62 (54.87%). Most of the accidents occurred by heavy motor vehicle 45(39.82%). Most of the times in road traffic accidents, productive age group males (21-40 years) were injured or lost their life. More than fifty per cent of the accidents were found to occur during the weekend evenings from 6:00PM to 12:00PM. Conclusion: Since the road traffic traumas are worsening each year, to minimise the severity of injury, man's interaction with the motor car may have been somewhat modified by crash protection devices, such as helmets, seat belts and air bags.
ABSTRACT
Background: World population ageing is enduring, the proportion of older persons has been rising steadily, from 7 per cent in 1950 to 11 per cent in 2007, with an expected rise to reach 22 percent in 2050. Globally the population of older persons is growing at a rate of 2.6 per cent per year, considerably faster than the population as a whole which is increasing at 1.1 percent annually. The issue of health care-seeking (or medical-care) behaviour is crucial to all society. Objective: To know the Socio-demographic distribution of elderly population in rural area, observe the Health seeking behaviour of the rural elderly and to know the available health care services in rural area of Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A community based Cross sectional study was conducted from October 2010 to June 2011. Persons aged 60 years and above were selected by multistage random sampling. The minimum Sample size of 400 was calculated using formula 4pq/d2 and finally a total of 411 individuals were studied. The data was analyzed by means, proportions and Chi-square test, p value less than 0.05(p<0.05) at 95% confidence interval, was consider for significant, SPSS Version 12 Statistical Software was used to analyze the data. Results: Out of the 411 elderly persons, 214 (52.1%) were males and 197(47.9%) were females. Mean age for the entire study population was 69.2 years with a standard deviation of 7.8 years. Majority of the elderly population were illiterate (70.1%). Higher proportion of females was illiterate (92.4%) as compared to males (49.5%). Among the 411 elderly persons, 188 (45.7%) sought treatment from private practitioner and private hospital, 133 (32.3%) from non registered practitioner (Quack), only 77 (18.9%) sought treatment from Government hospital and remaining 13 (3.1%) used home remedies or sought help from traditional healers. Conclusion: Majority of the geriatric subjects were in the age group of 60 to 69 years. Awareness must be generated among the elderly regarding the problems related to the ageing, strict implementation of legislation on parents’ care by their children and Promotion of income.