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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 44(3): 306-308, May-June 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-593344

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Exanthem subitum is a classical rash disease of early childhood caused by human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B). However, the rash is frequently misdiagnosed as that of either measles or rubella. METHODS: In this study, a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to diagnose HHV-6B primary infection, differentiate it from infections caused by HHV-6A and compare it to antibody avidity tests. The samples were separated into case group and control group according to the results of the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) technique. RESULTS: From the saliva samples analyzed, HHV-6A DNA was detected in 3.2 percent of the case group and in 2.6 percent of the control group. Regarding HHV-6B, PCR detected viral DNA in 4.8 percent of the case group and in 1.3 percent of the control group. Among the serum samples studied, a frequency of 1.7 percent was determined for HHV-6A in the case group and 1.2 percent in the control group. PCR did not detect HHV-6B DNA in serum samples. The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR technique ranged from 0 percent to 4.8 percent and 97.5 percent to 100 percent, respectively, compared to IFA. CONCLUSIONS: The PCR technique was not suitable for diagnosing primary infection by HHV-6B in children with exanthematic disease and should not substitute the IFA.


INTRODUÇÃO: O exantema súbito é uma doença comum durante a infância e pode ser causada pela infecção por herpesvirus humano tipo 6B (HHV-6B). No entanto, a erupção cutânea característica dessa doença, é frequentemente confundida com outras viroses como sarampo ou rubéola. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizada a técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) no formato nested multiplex para o diagnóstico de infecção primária por HHV-6B, diferenciação entre as infecções causadas pelo HHV-6A e comparação com testes de avidez de anticorpos. As amostras foram separadas em grupo caso e grupo controle, de acordo com os resultados do teste de imunofluorescência indireta (IFA). RESULTADOS: Nas amostras de saliva analisadas, o DNA do HHV-6A foi detectado em 3,2 por cento no grupo caso e em 2,6 por cento das amostras do grupo controle. Em relação ao HHV-6B, o DNA viral foi observado em 4,8 por cento no grupo caso e em 1,3 por cento no grupo controle. Após a realização da PCR nas amostras de soro, o DNA do HHV-6A foi detectado em 1,7 por cento no grupo caso e em 1,2 por cento no grupo controle, enquanto o DNA do HHV-6B não foi detectado. A sensibilidade e a especificidade da técnica de PCR variaram de 0 por cento a 4,8 por cento e de 97,5 por cento a 100 por cento, respectivamente, quando comparado com a IFA. CONCLUSÕES: A técnica de PCR não se mostrou adequada para o diagnóstico de infecção primária pelo HHV-6B em crianças com doença exantemática e não deve substituir a IFA.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Antibodies, Viral/blood , DNA, Viral/analysis , Exanthema Subitum/diagnosis , /genetics , Antibody Affinity , Diagnosis, Differential , Exanthema Subitum/virology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , /immunology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Saliva/virology
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(3): 371-373, May 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-589050

ABSTRACT

In this study, we assessed the prevalence of human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) in 141 serum samples from children less than four years of age with exanthematic disease. All samples were negative for measles, rubella, dengue fever and parvovirus B19 infection. Testing for the presence of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6)-specific high avidity IgG antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) revealed two main groups: one composed of 57 patients with recent primary HHV-6 infection and another group of 68 patients showing signs of past HHV-6 infection. Another 16 samples had indeterminate primary HHV-6 infection, by both IgG IFA and IgM IFA. Serum samples were subjected to a nested polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of HHV-7 DNA. Among patients with a recent primary HHV-6 infection, HHV-7 DNA was present in 1.7 percent of individuals; however, 5.8 percent of individuals tested positive for HHV-7 DNA in the group with past primary HHV-6 infection. Among the 16 samples with indeterminate diagnosis, 25 percent (4/16) had HHV-7 DNA (p < 0.002). We hypothesise that HHV-7 might be the agent that causes exanthema. However, a relationship between clinical manifestations and the detection of virus DNA does not always exist. Therefore, a careful interpretation is necessary to diagnose a primary infection or a virus-associated disease. In conclusion, we detected HHV-7 DNA in young children from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , DNA, Viral , Exanthema Subitum , Brazil , Exanthema Subitum , Exanthema Subitum , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence
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