Levels of total, reduced, oxidized co-enzyme Q[10] and alpha-tocopherol [vitamin E] in plasma of type 1 diabetic children

Increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus [IDDM] and in the development of its acute and chronic complications. to studty the levels of reduced co-enzyme Q[10] [Co-Q[10]]H[2], oxidized co-enzyme Q[10] [Co-Q[10]], total co-enzyme Q[10] [TCo-Q[10]] and alpha-tocopherol, in children with uncomplicated IDDM. 20 children with uncomplicated IDDM and 10 controls. In cases ages ranged between [7 - 20 years], 9 were males and 11 were females. High performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] methods were used for simultaneous detection of oxidized co-enzyme Q[10] [Co-Q[10]] and alpha-tocopherol in human plasma with ultraviolet [UV] detector, and for estimation of reduced co-enzyme Q[10] [Co-Q[10]H[2]] using per-column reduction with electrochemical detector [ECD]. There was a significant decrease of Co-Q[10]H[2] /TCo-Q[10] percentage in IDDM children compared to controls. There was a significant increase of Co-Q[10] / TCo-Q[10] percentage and alpha-tocopherol in IDDM group compared to controls. There was no significant difference in the level of Co-Q[10]H[2] and TCo-Q[10] in IDDM group compared to controls. No significant correlation has been found between TCo-Q[10] and alpha-tocopherol versus glycosylated Hb [Hb A[IC]%. There is increased oxidative stress in children with uncomplicated IDDM as shown by the decreased Co-Q[10]H[2]/ TCo-Q[10] percentage and the increased Co-Q[10] / TCo-Q[10] percentage. Not all 'antioxidant parameters are decreased in children with uncomplicated IDDM as shown by the increased level of alpha-tocopherol which may be regarded as an adaptation of the antioxidant defense system to chronic oxidative stress. Estimation of Co-Q[10]H[2]/ TCo-Q[10] percentage as index of oxidative stress using the above HPLC methodology has a useful clinical application

Lipid peroxidation and its relation to serum bilirubin and uric acid as antioxidants in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

The fact that almost alt neonates exhibit a physiological jaundice, prompt the question whether bitirubin, usually considered a potentially toxic end product of heme metabolism, might also have a beneficial role in the first few days of life. There was increasing flow evidences that bilirubin has antioxdant property and can effectively inhibit lipid peroxidation. We aimed to study the relationship between bilirubin and malondialdehyde [MDA] and uric acid [UA] in full term babies with hyperbilirubinemia in the first few days of life. A total of 73 full term newborn infants were included in this study, 58 newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia [total bilirubin >/= 12.9 mg%] and 15 sex and age matched controls. The hyperbilirubinemic neonates were divided into 2 groups according to presence or absence of hemolysis. Total serum bilirubin, serum MDA [as a marker of lipid peroxidation] and UA [as an antioxidant] concentrations were determined in all studied neonates. There were significant differences in mean total serum bilirubin, MDA and uric acid between hyperbilirubinemic neonates and control group [p < 0.01], also between neonates with and without hemolysis. [p < 0.01]. A positive correlation was found between MDA and bilirubin concentrations in the hyperbilirubinemic neonates When the study group was categorized according to the presence of hemolysis, a significant correlation was found between MDA and bilirubin concentrations in neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia due to hemolysis and there was no significant correlation in those without hemolysis. We conclude that bilirubin has an important physiologic function as an antioxidant and may play a role in the prevention of oxidative damage

Nitric oxide and oxidative stress in Egyptian children with congenital heart disease

This study focused on the relationship between NO concentration and different parameters of the free radical scavenging system. The study was performed on 40 children with congenital heart disease [20 cyanotic and 20 acyanotic] as well as 15 healthy children serving as a control group, aiming to evaluate the effect of a long period of hypoxia on NO level, enzymatic antioxidants [copper-zinc superoxide dismutase] and glutathione peroxidase [GPX], nonenzymatic antioxidants [vitamins C and E] and plasma level of malondialdehyde [MDA] as a marker of lipid peroxidation plus reduced glutathione [GSH]. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in the NO concentration in parallel with a reduction in the plasma antioxidant vitamins, blood enzymes and GSH in children with cyanotic heart defects, meanwhile the level of MDA was significantly increased