ABSTRACT
Despite the well-known benefits of exclusive breastfeeding in sustaining infant well-being; breastfeeding rates still remain low in many countries. We aimed at investigating the practice and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life in Cameroonian women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study; we interviewed a consecutive sample of 310 mothers at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstretic and Pediatric. The study was conducted from 1st September 2011 to 29th February 2012. Variables related to the practice of breastfeeding within the first 6months of life were assessed. Odds ratio was used to determine the predictive variables of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. RESULTS The reported rates of exclusive breastfeeding were 84.8 at birth and 23.5 at six months. Medical advice (49.3) and concern for the child's health (42.5) were the two main reasons for practicing exclusive breast-feeding for the first six months of life; while resumption of studies or work (38.4) and the belief that the newborn was not 'satisfied' (34.2) were the main reasons for introducing other foods. Most children (84.5) did not receive any foods first breastfeed. Breast milk substitutes were given to 70.5 of the babies. Most women (87.1) breastfed on demand; and breast pain was the main difficulty in 60.5 of the mothers. Being a housewife was positively associated with exclusive breast-feeding (OR:2.18; 95 CI: [1.25-3.81]; P= 0.005 ). CONCLUSION Exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months remains low in this setting. Sensitization and education of mothers during prenatal visits and routine consultations should be reinforced
Subject(s)
Attitude , Breast Feeding , Mothers , Outpatients , Pediatrics , VaccinationABSTRACT
Les septicemies neonatales representaient 25des causes de mortalite neonatalite au Cameroun en 2004 .Ce travail a pour but de decrier le profile bacteriologique des septicemies neonatales ainsi que la sensibilite des germes cultives aux antibiotiques usuels. Soixante hemocultures ont pousse chez des nouveau-nes ages de 0 a 28 jours .Les germes retrouves se repartissent comme suite 39 enterobacteries (65); 12 staphylocoques (20) et 9 streptocoques (15).Au sein des enterobacteries; klebsiella pneumonie represente 27; Enterobacter cloacae 20; et Escherichia coli 13.Soixante sept pour cent des staphylocoques trouvent sont presentes chez les nouveau- nes age au moins de 7 jours. Concernant la sensibilite de ces germes aux antibiotiques jusque la utilises dans notre hopital ; nous avons constate une forte resistance des enterobacteries aux cephalosporines de troisieme generation; atteignent 77pour les cefotaximes et la ceftazadime. Ces enterobacteries restent sensibles a l'imipeneme dans 61des cas Les steaoptocoques sont sensibles a l'ampicilline et a la ceftriaxone dans 67des cas et la gentamicine est active sur 58des souches de staphylocoques. Ces resultats suggerent que l'antibiotherapie de premiere intention jusque la utilisee et comportant l'association de l'ampicilline avec une cephalosporine de troisieme generation et un aminoside ne presente plus une efficacite optimale .Cependant ; en raison du cout eleve de l'imipeneme dans notre contexte ; cette molecule pourrait etre reservee en premiere intention aux infections neonatales severes
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Infant, Newborn , SepsisABSTRACT
Manchar Lake water is one of the sources of irrigation in the rural areas of District Dadu, Sindh. The quality of this water has been devalued due to the chemical and microbiological impurities, which affected the aqua culture [fish] and the human beings. Our investigations revealed the presence of enterotoxinogenic bacteria and cyanobacteria which are the cause of skin infections and severe gastrointestinal problems resulting in death