ABSTRACT
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor is an aerobic attached growth with better biofilm thickness control, lack of plugging and lower head loss. Consequently, this system is greatly used by different wastewater treatment plants. High TDS wastewater produced petrochemical, leather tanning, sea food processing, cannery, pickling and dairy industries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of MBBR in saline wastewater treatment. In this study, 50 percent of a cylindrical reactor with 9.5 liter occupied media with 650 m[2].m[-3]. In the first step, hydraulic regime was evaluated and startup reactor was done by sanitary sludge. Bio film was generated with glucose as the sole carbon source in synthetic wastewater. MBBR performance evaluation was performed in 6:30 and 8:45 with saline wastewater after bio film produced on media. After 83 days of passing MBBR operation with saline wastewater containing 3000-12000 mg.L-1 TDS, organic loading rate of 2.2-3.5 kg/m3.d COD removal efficiency reached 80-92%. Moving bed biofilm reactor is effective in organic load elimination from saline wastewater. [Ahmadi M. Alavi N. Jaafarzadeh N. Barfar M. Ghaed Rahmat Z. Hashemi F. The evaluation of performance of Moving Bed Bio film Reactor in Saline Wastewater Treatment. IJHS 2013; 1[1]: 58-64] http:/jhs.mazums.ac.ir
ABSTRACT
To assess the effect of a theory based intervention among adolescents in a study on intention of substance abuse avoidance among young adolescents, in Tehran, Iran. Fifty-five high school male students aged between 15 and 19 randomly were allocated into tow study groups: intervention and control group. The intervention group received an educational program based on the developed Reasoned Action Theory in order to examin its effect on beliefs, while the control group didnt receive any programs. The intervention group showed significant improvements in attitude, self efficacy [subjective norms exception] and substance abuse avoidance intention [P<0.001]. A decrease in substance use and cigarette-smoking was reported by students in intervention group. Results of this study indicated that a theory based intervention was effective for substance abuse among adolescents
ABSTRACT
Many factors are known to be involved in a number of human pathologies of obesity including serum leptin and thyroid hormones levels. The purpose of this study was to compare the serum levels of leptin and thyroid hormones in obese and non-obese women, in Shiraz-Iran during 2006. In this case- control study, 35 women with BMI?30 Kg/m2 recruited as an obese group [Case group] and 35 women with healthy BMI [BMI<25 Kg/m2] were selected as a control group. General information data were gathered from each sample using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured and BMI, WHR and percent of body fat [%TBF] were calculated for each subject. Venous blood samples were drawn from subjects and serum was separated to determine the concentrations of serum leptin and thyroid hormones [T4, T3 and TSH] levels. Mean serum concentration of leptin was significantly higher in obese group than control group [p<0.001]. Serum leptin levels positively correlated to anthropometric indices [BMI, WHR,%TBF]. No significant difference was observed between obese and non-obese groups in serum thyroid hormones concentration. Serum leptin levels positively related to serum T3 levels [P<0.05]. This study indicated that obese women had higher leptin levels compared to non-obese. The interaction between thyroid hormone in particular T3 and leptin can be one of the reason for increasing the serum leptin level among obse women