controlled lectin affinity cytochemical study of sialoconjugates in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma during immunomodulatory therapy with S2-complex

The sialoconjugates of squamous cell caresnoma of the larynx treated successfully with immunotherapy by S2- complex were studied. The terminal oligosaccharides of glycoconjugates of the membranes of malignant cells were investigated using soybean agglutinin as a lectin probe and a histochemical reaction for sialic acid. Post- treatment changes included unmasking of galactose and N- acetylgalactoseamine residues of glycoconjugates as a result of loss of sialosyl residues from cell surface glycoconjugates. The loss of sialic acid residues profoundly influences the malignant behaviour of tumour cells. The results of the study may turn to be one of the fundamental aspects by which S2- complex produces its effects

sympathetic innervation of the pineal gland

In the present work, pinealectomy [removal of the pineal gland] was used to demonstrate the sympathetic innervation of the pineal gland by the superior cervical ganglia [SCG] of the albino rat. One day following pinealectomy, many neurons with chromatolytic reaction were. seen in the SCG of the young and adult rats. It has also shown that young animals subjected to pinealectomy, would react more vigorously, with regard to the chromatolysis, than the adults animals. The distribution of these chromotolytic neurons was seen all over the right and left ganglia in both groups, however, they were more abundant in the rostral 2/3 of the ganglia

effect of pinealectomy on the postnatal development of the rat testis: Gravimetric and morphometric

The effect of the pineal on the testis was investigated by surgical pinealectomy which was carried out on one week old rats and their testes were investigated from one week to twenty two weeks after the operation. Three groups of rats were pinealectomized, Sham-operated control and normal rats. Results showed that pinealectomy causes slight increase in the testicular size and weight during most of the intervals considered. The most significant difference noticed throughout the study was the increase in these parameters in both pinealectomized and Sham-operated animals during the spring season in comparison to winter season: It is concluded that the pineal gland plays a minor role during postnatal development of the rat testis and pinealectorny does not cause significant increase in the weight and size of the testis. The seasonal variation has a significant effect on the testes and this seasonal effect of photoperiod is not necessanly transmitted completely through the pineal, since the variation was observed in both pinealectomized and Sham-operated animals

possible contribution of endoderm germinal layer into the developing adenohypophysis

Adenohypophysis develops from Rathke's pouch which was considered of a purely ectodermal origin. In this study 20 chick embryos in various early stages were studied. The results showed the presence of contact and fusion between Rathke's pouch and SeesseLs pouch [A stage between 16 to 19]. The latter develops from foregut endoderm. These findings suggest a possible contribution of endodermal cells into Rathke's pouch and in developing adenohypophysis. The function of these cells are not known