ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine the effect of infection with Enterovirus [EV] in children with type 1 diabetes [T1D] on the activities of serum antioxidant enzymes in diabetic and nondia-betic controls
Subjects and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two diabetic and 100 nondiabetic children were tested for EV RNA using reverse transcriptase [RT]-PCR. The activities of serum superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], and catalase [CAT] were also estimated in diabetic patients infected with EV [T1D-EV+], those not infected with EV [T1D-EV-] and in nondiabetic controls
Results: The frequency of EV was higher in diabetic children [100/382; 26.2%] than in healthy controls [0/100]. Levels of fasting blood glucose [FBG], glycosylated hemoglobin [HbAic] and C-reactive protein [CRP] were significantly higher but C-peptide was significantly lower in diabetic children than in controls. CRP levels were higher in the T1D-EV+ group than in the T1D-EV- group, and higher in all diabetic children than in nondiabetic controls. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD, and CAT decreased significantly in diabetic children compared to in controls. Moreover, the activities of the enzymes tested were significantly reduced in the T1D-EV+ group compared to in the T1D-EV-group
Conclusion: Our data indicate that EV infection correlated with a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the T1D-EV+ group compared to in the T1D-EV-group; this may contribute to cell damage and increased inflammation
ABSTRACT
Background: Laser vision correction has been established over the last 2 decades as a safe and effective intervention, with Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis [LASIK], being one of the main techniques practiced globally. Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK has become a popularized modification over the last decade and over the standard LASIK technique utilizing mechanical microkeratomes. A spherical ablation profiles performed by "wave front optimized" have been employed to reduce spherical aberration associated with myopic corrections
Aim of the Work: To evaluate the quality and efficacy of topography-guided femtosecond lasik in virgin eyes with myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism
Patients and Methods: This comparative prospective study was conducted on 60 eyes of 30 Egyptian patients with comparing preoperative and postoperative outcomes. Eyes with myopia [-1.0 up to -8.0 diopters] or hypermetropia [+1.0 up to +5.0 diopters] or astigmatism [up to 5.0 diopters] or less. Eyes with central corneal thickness [CCT] of 500 microns or more. Eyes at risk for developing post-refractive corneal ectasia, such as keratoconus, keratoconus suspect, previous refractive surgery, corneal dystrophy, corneal guttae or opacities, any previous eye surgery e.g: pseudophakic patients, retinal detachment surgery, all eyes were normal for example no cataract, no glaucoma, no retinal pathology and no previous trauma
Results: Our study was performed on sixty eyes of thirty Egyptian patients. Sixty eyes of thirty patients underwent LASIK using T-CAT. Seventeen patients were females and thirteen were males. The average age of the patients was 24.8 year +/-5.45 standard deviation [SD]. The average spherical error was -3.09 D +/-2.33 SD. The average cylinder error was -1.02 D +/-1.02 SD
Conclusion: The results showed that there was statistically significant differences between preoperative BCVA and postoperative UCVA with a good safety and efficiacy profile with T-CAT lasik as no patient loss even one line and 80% of cases gaining at least one line postoperative. The surgery was associated with higher values of high order aberrations after surgery than before surgery
ABSTRACT
Incisional hernia is a common surgical condition with a reported incidence of 2-11% following all laparotomies. Repair of large abdominal incisional hernia is a difficult surgical problem with recurrence being a common outcome that may reach up to 33%. The introduction of polypropylene mesh repair opened a new era of tension-free herniorrhaphy. However, implantation of the mesh by open techniques requires wide dissection of soft tissue contributing to an increase in wound infection and wound-related complications. The objective of this study was to compare preperitoneal versus onlay mesh repair in treatment of incisional hernia. This study included 67patients with incisional hernia from January 2004 to January 2007. The patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group I, [32 patients] for whom onlay mesh repair was done and Group II, [35 patients] for whom preperitoneal mesh repair was done. Both repairs were evaluated in regards to operative time, intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications. Results were documented and statistically analyzed. 67 patients with incisional hernia were included in this study. Group I included 32 patients for whom traditional onlay mesh was preformed while group II included 35 patients for whom retromuscular preperitoneal mesh repair was performed. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups as regards age and sex [P > 0.05]. The mean operative time in Group I was 70 +/- 8.6 min, while it was 74 +/- 9.8 min in Group II with no statistically significant difference between both groups [P > 0.05]. The mean of the period of drainage was 7 +/- 1.3 days, while it was 2 +/- 0.8 days in Group II which was statistically longer than group I [P < 0.05]. Seroma occurred in 4 patients in Group I, while it was not encountered in any patient in Group II [P < 0.05]. No recurrence was reported throughout the period of follow up which ranged from 6-36 months in both groups. Based on this analyses, we believe that preperitoneal mesh repair is the ideal operation for incisional hernias. There are however, very few publications covering this technique of repair
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications , Recurrence , Surgical Mesh , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
Platelet aggregability as well as serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were estimated in 17 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients on insulin therapy for more than 10 years. There was a statistical significant reduction in platelet aggregation from the control value. This could suggest insulin inteference with one of the pathways involved in platelet aggregation most probably by activating a reduced cyclic AMP levels in diabetics. Moreover, the present study revealed a statistically significant rise in the levels of both serum cholesterol and triglycerides as compared to the control level. This seems to result from insulin promotion of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis by the liver in addition to its function as "a fat sparer. These findings reveal a discrepancy in insulin mode of action on platelet aggregation and on fat metabolism. Accordingly, further studies should be submitted to evaluate the precise mechanism of insulin on platelet aggregation as well as on fat metabolism in liver and in adipose tissue