ABSTRACT
More than 80 million individuals suffer from infertility globally. Various factors such as some drugs and toxins have harmful effects on fertility. Anacyclus pyrethrum plant in Indian traditional medicine is used for treatment of many diseases including infertility. In this experimental study 48 male adult rats were divided randomly into four groups [N=12] including one control group [A] and three test groups [B, C and D]. Test groups [B, C and D] received root aqueous extract of A. pyrethrum intraperitoneally with doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg for 28 days, respectively. At the end of the treatment period, the reproduction variables such as weight of body and sex organs, the sperm count in epididymis and right and left vas deferens and percent of abnormal spermatozoids were determined. The test groups were compared to the controls using analysis of variance following Tukey. Data analysis of body and sex organs' weight, sperm count of epididymis and right and left vas deferens and percent of abnormal spermatozoids showed a significant difference between the tests and control groups [p=0.02, p=0.0001]; however, no significant difference was found between two groups regarding vas deferens weight. The results of the present study showed that root aqueous extract of A. pyrethrum increased the weights of body and sex organs, increase of sperm count of epididymis and right and left vas deferens, and reduction of percent of abnormal spermatozoids in treated rats
ABSTRACT
A total of 6000 people are infected with Malaria in Iran annually. Sistan and Baluchistan province is ranked in the first place in the country. A before-after intervention was conducted in 2011 in Chabahar city, Iran. Eleven questions were used to assess cognitive skills, 8 questions were to assess attitude skills and 6 questions were used for measuring behavioral skills. Three hundred participants were enrolled from three districts of Chabahar regional area. Chi-Square, independent and paired T-test and one-way ANOVA were performed for data analysis using SPSS software. The cognitive skills were increased significantly from 6.04 to 8.8 after intervention. The attitude skills were increased significantly from 15.8 to 18.2 following intervention. Among the behavioral skills, all of them [Using anti-mosquito net at nights, referring to the health facilities once the fever occurred, receiving all the medications if infected, sleeping under anti-mosquito net when infected, trying to dry the waste water and attending the malaria-related training courses] improved after the intervention. Perceived behavioral control was increased from 10.4 to 12.1 significantly. Subjective norms were enhanced significantly from 10.4 to 12.4. Mean behavioral intense was increased significantly from 10.4 to 12.1. The findings demonstrated that implementing educational intervention programs can increase the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of community regarding malaria preventive initiatives.